TR Dizin İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / TR Dizin Indexed Publications Collection
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/4
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Article Ramifications of Households Non-Farm Income on Agricultural Productivity: Evidence From Rural Area of Pakistan(2020) Rashidin, Md.salamun; Liu, Bin; Javed, SaraIn Pakistan, agriculture sector currentlycontributesup to 28 percent to in GDP. Due tothe development ofmodern scienceand technology, rural household source of income is altering. Lots of research suggested that non-farm income is the main source of income for rural area. This study investigates the effects of non-farm income on agriculture productivity in Pakistan. The current research accumulated data from Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Survey (PSLM) 2014-15. Pakistan Federal Bauru of Statistics has developed its own sampling frame for rural and urban areas. Researcher used the Heckman’s two-step procedure to tackle the problem of endogeneity and selection bias. The first phase of probit regression coefficient indicatesthatthe availability of banks, motorable roads, forest, telecommunication substructure, montane grasslands and shrublands zone are substantial to clarify the non-farm income. On the other hand, the second stage of OLS regression exhibited a significant negative association between non-farm income and per-capitafarm income.Article Promoting Utilization of Biofuels in the Transportation Sector To Reduce Co2 Emissions: Comparative Analysis(Gazi Univ, 2022-12-16) Bozbay, Utku; Güngörmüşler, MineIn this study, due to the high contribution of the transportation sector to generate CO2 emissions, an evaluation for the best scenario of the replacement of petroleum derived fuels by renewable and sustainable alternatives was assessed with a multi collative approach suggesting the second-generation bioethanol as the most promising one. In this context, this paper focused on the practices over the past 23 years in the following four countries; Turkey, China, Sweden, and Brazil, with a comparative regression analysis between the CO2 emissions generated from the consumptions of total energy and biofuels. Accordingly, a curve-fitting and an estimation on the formation of CO2 emissions with the incrementing blends of gasoline by 3 to 100% of bioethanol was forecasted for 2020 to 2030. The outcomes of the comprehensive research indicated the international and national benefits of biofuel use, thus, promoting the potential integration of bioethanol in the Turkish transportation sector.