Kian, RamezErdogan, Gunesde Leeuw, SanderSalman, F. SibelSabet, EhsanKara, Bahar Y.Demir, Muhittin H.2023-06-162023-06-1620220377-22171872-6860https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2021.04.054https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/1189This paper addresses a humanitarian logistics problem connected with the Syrian refugee crisis. The ongoing conflict in Syria has caused displacement of millions of people. Cash-based interventions play an important role in aiding people in the post-crisis period to enhance their well-being in the medium and longer term. The paper presents a study on how to design a network of administrative facilities to support the roll-out of cash-based interventions. The resulting multi-level network consists of a central registration facility, local temporary facilities, mobile facilities and vehicles for door-to-door visits. The goal is to reach the maximum number of eligible beneficiaries within a specified time period while minimizing logistics costs, subject to a limit on total security risk exposure. A mixed integer programming model is formulated to optimize the inter-related facility location and routing decisions under multiple objectives. The authors develop a hierarchical multi-objective metaheuristic algorithm to obtain efficient solutions. An application of the model and the solution algorithm to real data from a region in the southeast of Turkey is presented, with associated managerial insights. (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessHumanitarian logisticsCash-based interventionsSyrian refugee crisisLocation-routingRelief DistributionNetwork DesignLocationModelImpactMarketArticle10.1016/j.ejor.2021.04.0542-s2.0-85107115449