Adıvar, MuratRaffoul, Youssef N.2023-06-162023-06-1620120009-725X1973-4409https://doi.org/10.1007/s12215-012-0092-4https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/1007We use Liapunov functionals to obtain sufficient conditions that ensure exponential stability of the nonlinear Volterra integro- differential equation x(2) (t) = p(1)x(t) - integral(t)(t-iota) q(t,s)x(s)ds where the constant t is positive, the function p does not need to obey any sign condition and the kernel q is continuous. Our results improve the results obtained in literature even in the autonomous case. In addition, we give a new criteria for instability.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessVolterra integro-differential equationExponential stabilityLiapunov functionalInstabilityArticle10.1007/s12215-012-0092-42-s2.0-84869777213