Erdeniz, BurakTükel, Şermin2023-06-162023-06-16202097801281216279780128122402https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812162-7.00027-8https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/3434Since the first human space flight, extensive experimental research has reported that, in the absence of graviceptor signals in space, astronauts experience difficulties in balance, vision and other sensory-motor related functions. It was shown that, excluding psychological and operational factors, the absence of graviceptor signals from various vestibular organs is the key causal factor in spaceflight-induced anatomical and functional brain changes. This chapter summarizes the effects of weightlessness on spatial orientation, sensory-integration and sensory-compensation. It also contains a review of recent evidence from ground-based space-flight analog studies, and their influence on understanding of cognitive processes and brain functions. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessGraviceptorSensory adaptationSensory-integration and sensory-compensationSpaceSpace-flightSpatial orientationWeightlessnessBook Part10.1016/B978-0-12-812162-7.00027-82-s2.0-85103025825