Optimization and Evaluation of the Process Parameters of Indigenous Cucumber Fermentation
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Date
2022
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İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Endüstriyel üretimde doğal ve katkısız fermantasyon işlemi sırasında mikrobiyal yük, yüksek işlem maliyeti, istenmeyen nihai ürün, organoleptik problemler gibi sorunlarla karşılaşılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, salatalık turşusu ürünü için ısıl işlem uygulanmadan endüstriyel olarak üretilebilir ve kabul edilebilir bir proses geliştirmektir. Salatalık turşusu örneklerine doğal bitki özleri (kekik, dereotu, defne yaprağı, biberiye, zencefil, fesleğen) uygulanarak turşuların fiziksel, kimyasal, organoleptik ve raf ömrü süreçleri Stat Ease® ile gözlemlenmiştir. One Factor at a Time ve Box Behnken methodları ile deneysel tasarım kullanılarak istatistiksel analizler tamamlanmıştır. Turşu örneklemelerinde 50 ppm ile 2000 ppm arasında farklı konsantrasyonlarda 6 adet bitki ekstraktı kullanılmıştır. Fiziksel ve duyusal özellikleri optimize etmek için istatistiksel analizlere göre en iyi 3 ekstrakta karar verilmiştir. Optimum ekstrakt ölçeğine karar vermek için 3 bitkisel ekstrakt (dereotu, kekik ve defne yaprağı) arasında Box Behnken Design methodu uygulanmıştır. Konserve gıdaların ısıl işlemleri yerine dereotu ve defne yaprağı ekstraktının kullanılmasının endüstriyel üretim için muadil bir proses ile uygulanabileceğine karar verilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 2019-2022 döneminde 2 farklı çalışma ile bu tez desteklenmiştir. Bu çalışmalar konserve ürünlerin doğal fermantasyon süreci ve karbon ayak izi analizi ile ilgili olup bu tezin temelini oluşturmaktadır.
The problems such as microbial load, high cost for process, unwanted final product, organoleptic problems can be encountered during natural and additive free fermentation process in industrially production. The aim of this study to develop an industrially producible and acceptable process without heat treatment for cucumber pickle products. Natural herbal extracts (thyme, dill, bay leaf, rosemary, cinnamon, basil) were applied on cucumber pickle samples. Total of six herbal extracts were used in pickle samples at different concentrations from 50 ppm to 2000 ppm. Statistical analyses were given 3 best extracts to optimize physical and sensorial properties at the end of first design. Physical, chemical, organoleptic, and shelf-life processes of pickles were observed via Stat Ease®. Statical analysis were completed with One Factor at a Time in Design Expert. Box Behnken Design was conducted for 3 herbal extracts (dill, bay leaf, and thyme) to decide optimum scale of extracts. It is decided that dill and bay leaf extracts using process could be an equivalent for industrially production instead of thermal treatments of canned foods. In this context, this thesis was supported by 2 different studies in the period from 2019 to 2022. These studies were about naturally fermentation process and carbon footprint analysis of canned products. These studies form a basis for this thesis.
The problems such as microbial load, high cost for process, unwanted final product, organoleptic problems can be encountered during natural and additive free fermentation process in industrially production. The aim of this study to develop an industrially producible and acceptable process without heat treatment for cucumber pickle products. Natural herbal extracts (thyme, dill, bay leaf, rosemary, cinnamon, basil) were applied on cucumber pickle samples. Total of six herbal extracts were used in pickle samples at different concentrations from 50 ppm to 2000 ppm. Statistical analyses were given 3 best extracts to optimize physical and sensorial properties at the end of first design. Physical, chemical, organoleptic, and shelf-life processes of pickles were observed via Stat Ease®. Statical analysis were completed with One Factor at a Time in Design Expert. Box Behnken Design was conducted for 3 herbal extracts (dill, bay leaf, and thyme) to decide optimum scale of extracts. It is decided that dill and bay leaf extracts using process could be an equivalent for industrially production instead of thermal treatments of canned foods. In this context, this thesis was supported by 2 different studies in the period from 2019 to 2022. These studies were about naturally fermentation process and carbon footprint analysis of canned products. These studies form a basis for this thesis.
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Biyomühendislik, Bioengineering, Gıda Mühendisliği, Food Engineering
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59
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Sustainable Development Goals
9
INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE

12
RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION

13
CLIMATE ACTION

