Optimization of weld bead geometry in TIG welding process using grey relation analysis and Taguchi method

Abstract

This study investigated the multi-response optimization of tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) welding process for an optimal parametric combination to yield favorable bead geometry of welded joints using the Grey relational analysis and Taguchi method. Sixteen experimental runs based on an orthogonal array of Taguchi method were performed to derive objective functions to be optimized within experimental domain. The objective functions have been selected in relation to parameters of TIG welding bead geometry; bead width, bead height, penetration, area of penetration as well as width of heat affected zone and tensile load. The Taguchi approach followed by Grey relational analysis to solve the multi-response optimization problem. The significance of the factors on overall quality characteristics of the weldment has also been evaluated quantitatively by the analysis of variance method (ANOVA). Optimal results have been verified through additional experiments. This shows application feasibility of the Grey relation analysis in combination with Taguchi technique for continuous improvement it) product quality in manufacturing industry.