Design a Wide Band Microstrip Line Fed Antenna for TCAS Avionic System

Abstract

This paper presents the design and fabrication of a directional antenna for the Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance Avionic System (TCAS). A patch antenna in a circular shape made from copper. Roger 5880 with h=3.18 nun; epsilon(r)=2.2, and loss tangent of 0.0009 is taken as a substrate material. It is fed using a microstrip line of 50 ohm. It operates at the targeted frequencies. Defected ground technique is used to increase the antenna bandwidth. A conducting plane supports the antenna structure at an optimized distance to achieve high gain. The proposed antenna conducts with parameters that satisfy the conventional TCAS 11 directional antenna radiation parameters except with higher gain which tends to 5.15 dB and 5.6 dB in the transmission and reception respectively that increase the range of he surveillance area. Low side lobe level and an efficient beamwidth are archived for bearing angle calculation efficiency and to cover the full 360 degrees respectively.