Urological manifestations of colorectal malignancies and surgical management of urological complications during colorectal cancer surgeries

Abstract

Urogenital metastasis and invasion of the urogenital system in locally advanced stage of colorectal cancers are rare. In this stage, adjacent urogenital organ invasion is mainly about the urinary bladder, which is primarily by the distal tumors of the sigmoid colon and the rectum. In the surgery of these cancers, iatrogenic ureter trauma (IUT) may occur especially during low anterior resection and the abdominal perineal resection of the colon. Colorectal surgeries are the second most common cause of IUT after gynecologic surgeries. IUT in such surgeries is more frequent in the left ureter and the distal part of the ureter. It may be diagnosed directly during surgery upon observing the ureter damage or by postoperative clinical symptoms. The most important stage in preventing IUT during surgery is to visualize the ureters. Ureter repair algorithm may vary depending on the nature, extent, and level of the IUT. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.