Investigation of Changes in Blood Choline Levels in Individuals Diagnosed With Osteoporosis: a Case–control Study

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare blood choline levels and its correlations with bone mineral density (BMD) calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in patients with osteoporosis and healthy controls. Background: Osteoporosis is a condition marked by reduced bone density and a higher risk of fractures, posing a major health concern. Cholinergic activity promotes bone formation, while its inhibition may contribute to bone loss. Methods: Blood choline levels in 64 female participants, 38 with osteoporosis and 26 healthy controls. were measured using ELISA, and BMD was assessed via Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Additional biochemical markers, including calcium, vitamin D, and PTH, were analyzed. Results: Blood choline levels were significantly lower in the osteoporosis group compared to controls. Moderate correlations were observed between choline levels and BMD, as well as weak correlations with calcium, vitamin D, and PTH in patients with osteoporosis. Conclusion: Lower choline levels in osteoporosis patients suggest a potential link between cholinergic deficiency and the disease, emphasizing the need for further research into cholinergic therapies for osteoporosis. © The Author(s) 2025.