Browsing by Author "Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh"

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Citation - WoS: 76
Citation - Scopus: 87
The Associations of Dyadic Coping and Relationship Satisfaction Vary Between and Within Nations: a 35-Nation Study
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2016) Hilpert, Peter; Randall, Ashley K.; Sorokowski, Piotr; Atkins, David C.; Sorokowska, Agnieszka; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Aghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Dural, Seda
Objective: Theories about how couples help each other to cope with stress, such as the systemic transactional model of dyadic coping, suggest that the cultural context in which couples live influences how their coping behavior affects their relationship satisfaction. In contrast to the theoretical assumptions, a recent meta-analysis provides evidence that neither culture, nor gender, influences the association between dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction, at least based on their samples of couples living in North America and West Europe. Thus, it is an open questions whether the theoretical assumptions of cultural influences are false or whether cultural influences on couple behavior just occur in cultures outside of the Western world. Method: In order to examine the cultural influence, using a sample of married individuals N = 7973) from 35 nations, we used multilevel modeling to test whether the positive association between dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction varies across nations and whether gender might moderate the association. Results: Results reveal that the association between dyadic coping and relationship satisfaction varies between nations. In addition, results show that in some nations the association is higher for men and in other nations it is higher for women. Conclusions: Cultural and gender differences across the globe influence how couples' coping behavior affects relationship outcomes. This crucial finding indicates that couple relationship education programs and interventions need to be culturally adapted, as skill trainings such as dyadic coping lead to differential effects on relationship satisfaction based on the culture in which couples live.
Citation - Scopus: 4
The Associations of Dyadic Coping and Relationship Satisfaction Vary Between and Within Nations: a 35-Nation Study (Vol 7, Pg 1106, 2016)
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2016) Hilpert, Peter; Randall, Ashley K.; Sorokowski, Piotr; Atkins, David C.; Sorokowska, Agnieszka; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Yoo, Gyesook; Dural, Seda
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 15
Factors Associated With Highest Symptoms of Anxiety During Covid-19: Cross-Cultural Study of 23 Countries
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2022) Burkova, Valentina N.; Butovskaya, Marina L.; Randall, Ashley K.; Fedenok, Julija N.; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Allami, Fathil Bakir Mutsher; Dural, Seda
The COVID-19 restrictions have impacted people's lifestyles in all spheres (social, psychological, political, economic, and others). This study explored which factors affected the level of anxiety during the time of the first wave of COVID-19 and subsequent quarantine in a substantial proportion of 23 countries, included in this study. The data was collected from May to August 2020 (5 June 2020). The sample included 15,375 participants from 23 countries: (seven from Europe: Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Russia; 11 from West, South and Southeast Asia: Armenia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Turkey; two African: Nigeria and Tanzania; and three from North, South, and Central America: Brazil, Canada, United States). Level of anxiety was measured by means of the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the 20-item first part of The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). Respondents were also asked about their personal experiences with COVID-19, attitudes toward measures introduced by governments, changes in attitudes toward migrants during a pandemic, family income, isolation conditions, etc. The factor analysis revealed that four factors explained 45.08% of variance in increase of anxiety, and these components were interpreted as follows: (1) personal awareness of the threat of COVID-19, (2) personal reaction toward officially undertaken measures and attitudes to foreigners, (3) personal trust in official sources, (4) personal experience with COVID-19. Three out of four factors demonstrated strong associations with both scales of anxiety: high level of anxiety was significantly correlated with high level of personal awareness of the threat of COVID-19, low level of personal reaction toward officially undertaken measures and attitudes to foreigners, and high level of presence of personal experience with COVID-19. Our study revealed significant main effects of sex, country, and all four factors on the level of anxiety. It was demonstrated that countries with higher levels of anxiety assessed the real danger of a pandemic as higher, and had more personal experience with COVID-19. Respondents who trusted the government demonstrated lower levels of anxiety. Finally, foreigners were perceived as the cause of epidemic spread.
Citation - WoS: 30
Citation - Scopus: 37
Global Perspective on Marital Satisfaction
(Mdpi, 2020) Dobrowolska, Malgorzata; Groyecka-Bernard, Agata; Sorokowski, Piotr; Randall, Ashley K.; Hilpert, Peter; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Dural, Seda
Across the world, millions of couples get married each year. One of the strongest predictors of whether partners will remain in their relationship is their reported satisfaction. Marital satisfaction is commonly found to be a key predictor of both individual and relational well-being. Despite its importance in predicting relationship longevity, there are relatively few empirical research studies examining predictors of marital satisfaction outside of a Western context. To address this gap in the literature and complete the existing knowledge about global predictors of marital satisfaction, we used an open-access database of self-reported assessments of self-reported marital satisfaction with data from 7178 participants representing 33 different countries. The results showed that sex, age, religiosity, economic status, education, and cultural values were related, to various extents, to marital satisfaction across cultures. However, marriage duration, number of children, and gross domestic product (GDP) were not found to be predictors of marital satisfaction for countries represented in this sample. While 96% of the variance of marital satisfaction was attributed to individual factors, only 4% was associated with countries. Together, the results show that individual differences have a larger influence on marital satisfaction compared to the country of origin. Findings are discussed in terms of the advantages of conducting studies on large cross-cultural samples.
Citation - WoS: 18
Citation - Scopus: 20
Global Study of Social Odor Awareness
(Oxford Univ Press, 2018) Sorokowska, Agnieszka; Groyecka, Agata; Karwowski, Maciej; Frackowiak, Tomasz; Lansford, Jennifer E.; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Dural, Seda
Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10 794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model including individual-level predictors (gender, age, material situation, education, and preferred social distance) provided a relatively good fit to the data, but adding country-level predictors (Human Development Index, population density, and average temperature) did not improve model parameters. Although there were some cross-cultural differences in social odor awareness, the main differentiating role was played by the individual differences. This suggests that people living in different cultures and different climate conditions may still share some similar patterns of odor awareness if they share other individual-level characteristics.
Citation - WoS: 63
Citation - Scopus: 56
Marital Satisfaction, Sex, Age, Marriage Duration, Religion, Number of Children, Economic Status, Education, and Collectivistic Values: Data From 33 Countries
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Sorokowski, Piotr; Randall, Ashley K.; Groyecka, Agata; Frackowiak, Tomasz; Cantarero, Katarzyna; Hilpert, Peter; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Dural, Seda
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation - Scopus: 20
Marital Satisfaction, Sex, Age, Marriage Duration, Religion, Number of Children, Economic Status, Education, and Collectivistic Values: Data From 33 Countries (vol 8, 1199, 2017)
(Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Sorokowski, Piotr; Randall, Ashley K.; Groyecka, Agata; Frackowiak, Tomasz; Cantarero, Katarzyna; Hilpert, Peter; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh
[Abstract Not Available]
Citation - WoS: 42
Citation - Scopus: 49
Predictors of Anxiety in the Covid-19 Pandemic From a Global Perspective: Data From 23 Countries
(Mdpi, 2021) Burkova, Valentina N.; Butovskaya, Marina L.; Randall, Ashley K.; Fedenok, Julija N.; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Allami, Fathil Bakir Mutsher; Dural, Seda
Prior and ongoing COVID-19 pandemic restrictions have resulted in substantial changes to everyday life. The pandemic and measures of its control affect mental health negatively. Self-reported data from 15,375 participants from 23 countries were collected from May to August 2020 during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Two questionnaires measuring anxiety level were used in this study-the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI). The associations between a set of social indicators on anxiety during COVID-19 (e.g., sex, age, country, live alone) were tested as well. Self-reported anxiety during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic varied across countries, with the maximum levels reported for Brazil, Canada, Italy, Iraq and the USA. Sex differences of anxiety levels during COVID-19 were also examined, and results showed women reported higher levels of anxiety compared to men. Overall, our results demonstrated that the self-reported symptoms of anxiety were higher compared to those reported in general before pandemic. We conclude that such cultural dimensions as individualism/collectivism, power distance and looseness/tightness may function as protective adaptive mechanisms against the development of anxiety disorders in a pandemic situation.
Citation - WoS: 293
Citation - Scopus: 337
Preferred Interpersonal Distances: a Global Comparison
(Sage Publications Inc, 2017) Sorokowska, Agnieszka; Sorokowski, Piotr; Hilpert, Peter; Cantarero, Katarzyna; Frackowiak, Tomasz; Ahmadi, Khodabakhsh; Alghraibeh, Ahmad M.; Dural, Seda
Human spatial behavior has been the focus of hundreds of previous research studies. However, the conclusions and generalizability of previous studies on interpersonal distance preferences were limited by some important methodological and sampling issues. The objective of the present study was to compare preferred interpersonal distances across the world and to overcome the problems observed in previous studies. We present an extensive analysis of interpersonal distances over a large data set (N = 8,943 participants from 42 countries). We attempted to relate the preferred social, personal, and intimate distances observed in each country to a set of individual characteristics of the participants, and some attributes of their cultures. Our study indicates that individual characteristics (age and gender) influence interpersonal space preferences and that some variation in results can be explained by temperature in a given region. We also present objective values of preferred interpersonal distances in different regions, which might be used as a reference data point in future studies.