PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection
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Article Comparisons Between Young, Aged, and Alzheimer's Brains Reveal Specific Expression Patterns for a Subset of Transposons and Satellite Repeats(2025) Turan, E.; Çeltik, B.; Dağlar, G.; Kaya, İ.; Tu Fekçi, M.; Yandim, C.Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of repeat-derived transcripts in the pathological transcriptome of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether these transcripts arise as a consequence of aging or are directly associated with AD pathology. Particularly, the specific contribution of satellite repeats to this phenomenon has not been systematically investigated. In this study, we profiled the non-coding expression patterns of all repetitive DNA elements - including satellites - across healthy young, healthy aged, and aged AD brain samples. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed only a single differentially expressed repeat between aged and young brains. In contrast, AD brains exhibited significant expression changes in eight specific repeat elements relative to their healthy aged counterparts. Among these AD-specific repeats, the satellite repeat HSATII showed the highest fold change and a modest increase in histone acetylation levels, suggesting potential regulatory or feedback mechanisms in AD pathology. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified modules of co-expressed genes and repeats, revealing a network moderately correlated with the AD phenotype and indicating complex interactions between repeats and genes during disease onset. Collectively, our comprehensive analysis of repeat expression in post-mortem human AD brains demonstrates alterations in transposon and satellite repeat expression patterns that are distinct from agerelated changes. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of MedicineArticle Investigation of the Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Patients With Malignancies, Southwest of Iran(2025) Roya, S.K.; Maryam, E.R.; Ahmad, H.; Tina, V.; Arta, F.K.; Mostafa, E.R.; Marzieh, A.N.Toxoplasmosis, a parasitic disease, has the capacity to infect humans, other warm-blooded animals, and cats. Individuals with compromised immune systems, including cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, individuals with AIDS, transplant recipients, and hemodialysis patients, are at an increased risk of contracting toxoplasmosis. The challenge in diagnosing toxoplasmosis in such cases stems from the similarity of certain symptoms to those of cancer or chemotherapy-related complications. Consequently, the ELISA test is employed to ascertain the presence of the infection and to determine the quantity of antibodies in the patient. A total of 90 cancer patients who had been admitted to the hospital and were undergoing chemotherapy were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from these patients, who were at various stages of chemotherapy. The anti- toxoplasma antibody titer was subsequently determined using the ELISA method, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. In this study, 50 (55.6%) of the subjects were female and 40 (44.4%) were male. All samples were found to be negative for IgM antibody titers, while 50 (55.6%) were positive for IgG antibodies. In patients with positive test results, the most common clinical symptoms were lethargy and anorexia. While anti-toxoplasma IgG antibodies exhibited a higher prevalence among male subjects, no statistically significant discrepancy was observed between gender and infection rates. Furthermore, in comparison with individuals who have not received chemotherapy, those with a history of chemotherapy exhibited elevated levels of anti-toxoplasma IgG antibodies. The level of anti-toxoplasma IgG in malignant patients hospitalized in this hospital was high, but statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the prevalence of toxoplasma and the type of cancer. Individuals diagnosed with cancer face an elevated risk of developing severe toxoplasmosis and its associated consequences, attributable to the high incidence of T. gondii. Consequently, oncologists must recognize this grave medical condition as necessitating prompt attention. This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of MedicineArticle Survey Of Red Cell Transfusion Therapy And Immunohematology Services For Patients With Hemoglobinopathies in Türkiye(Turkish Society of Hematology, 2025) Gürlek-Gökçebay, D.G.; Andic, N.; Flege, W.A.; Aygüneş, U.; Eker, İ.; Gürsel, O.; Koca Yozgat, A.K.Objective: Transfusion therapy is critical for many patients with β-thalassemia or sickle cell disease (SCD). We aimed to review current practices and document chronic transfusion therapy for patients with hemoglobinopathies in the transfusion service centers of Türkiye. Materials and Methods: A survey with 16 structured questions was distributed electronically to adult and pediatric hematologists in Türkiye. Responses were received from 37 centers across 18 cities, representing 1449 patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia major, β-thalassemia intermedia, and SCD. Results: Although 79% of centers reported performing extended red cell antigen typing prior to the first transfusion, adherence to national transfusion guidelines was inconsistent. Only 16% of centers routinely performed indirect antiglobulin testing before each transfusion despite guideline recommendations. Antibody identification capabilities varied, with 26% of centers lacking the capability onsite. Elution and adsorption testing were always performed at 13% of centers only, predominantly including university hospitals. Nearly half of the centers were always able to provide D, C, E, c, e, and Kell compatible red cell units, but one-fourth reported that they were unable to consistently provide compatible units due to limited supply. There was no access to red cell genotyping in the country. Conclusion: Our survey revealed disparities in transfusion practices and transfusion service laboratory infrastructure across Türkiye. There is a need for national policy initiatives to mandate adherence to national and international guidelines, expand immunohematology testing capabilities, and ensure the equitable distribution of phenotype matched red cell units. These findings will contribute to discussions on establishing a centralized immunohematology reference laboratory and enabling red cell genotyping within the country to improve transfusion safety and health equity in hemoglobinopathy care. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Retifanlimab Versus Placebo in Combination With Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Patients With First-Line Non-Squamous or Squamous Metastatic Non-Small Lung Cancer (POD1UM-304): A Phase 3, Multiregional, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomised Study(Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Lu, S.; Vynnychenko, O.; Kulyaba, Y.; Kuchava, V.; Ibrahim, A.; Moiseenko, F.; Arslan, C.Background: Checkpoint inhibitors, including combinations with standard-of-care chemotherapy, have shown survival benefit in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, access to these drugs varies. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the PD-1 inhibitor retifanlimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy as first-line treatment for non-squamous or squamous metastatic NSCLC. Methods: POD1UM-304 was a phase 3, multiregional, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised study conducted in approximately 124 hospitals and private clinical centres in 16 countries. Male and female adults aged 18 years or older with squamous or non-squamous stage IV NSCLC (staging by American Joint Committee on Cancer version 8) with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 or 1 and no previous systemic therapy for metastatic NSCLC were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) using interactive response technology to receive intravenous retifanlimab 375 mg or matching placebo on day 1 of each 21-day cycle plus standard platinum-based chemotherapy according to tumour histology for up to 2 years. Patients with non-squamous NSCLC received pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 plus cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 for four cycles, or carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 5 on day 1 for four cycles, followed by pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on day 1 of each subsequent 21-day cycle, all administered intravenously, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with squamous NSCLC received intravenous carboplatin AUC 6 plus intravenous paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 on day 1 for four cycles or intravenous nab-paclitaxel 100 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 for four cycles. Treatment with retifanlimab or placebo was given for up to 35 cycles, unless there was disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent. Randomisation was stratified by PD-L1 expression tumour proportion score, geographical region, and predominant tumour histology. The primary endpoint was overall survival, defined as time from randomisation until death due to any cause, analysed in the full analysis set. Safety was evaluated in all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of study drug. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04205812) and is active but no longer enrolling. Findings: Between Sept 11, 2020, and March 14, 2023, 1388 patients were assessed for eligibility, 583 of whom were randomly assigned to retifanlimab plus chemotherapy (n=391) or placebo plus chemotherapy (n=192). 381 (65%) patients had non-squamous NSCLC and 202 (35%) had squamous NSCLC; 467 (80%) patients were male and 116 (20%) were female. Median age was 64 years (IQR 58–68). Median overall survival was longer in the retifanlimab plus chemotherapy group than in the placebo plus chemotherapy group (18·1 months [95% CI 16·2–21·0] vs 13·4 months [11·0–16·7]; hazard ratio 0·75 [95% CI 0·60–0·93]; p=0·0042). Overall, higher incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events that were serious (158 [41%] of 389 vs 57 [30%] of 190), grade 3 or worse (238 [61%] vs 103 [54%]), or led to retifanlimab or placebo dose delay (169 [43%] vs 67 [35%]) or discontinuation (33 [8%] vs nine [5%]) were observed in the retifanlimab plus chemotherapy group than in the placebo plus chemotherapy group. The proportions of fatal COVID-19-related treatment-emergent adverse events were similar in the retifanlimab plus chemotherapy group and the placebo plus chemotherapy group (four [1%] vs five [3%]). Interpretation: Retifanlimab improved overall survival compared with placebo when added to platinum-based chemotherapy, with a safety profile that is representative of previous PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitor–chemotherapy combinations. Adding retifanlimab to first-line chemotherapy could be a potential treatment option for patients with squamous or non-squamous metastatic NSCLC. Funding: Incyte. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Article Vector Microbiota and Parasite Infection: Bacteria-Mediated Effects on Leishmania in Phlebotomus Papatasi and Culture(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Bicakci, Cagla; Cavus, Ibrahim; Tunali, Varol; Ozel, Yener; Ozbilgin, Ahmet; Alten, Bulent; Vaselek, SlavicaMicrobes are increasingly being explored as tools to control leishmaniasis and sandfly populations. This study investigated the interactions between sandflies, Leishmania, and their microbiota.MethodsThe in vitro and in vivo survival and development of Leishmania major in the presence of seven bacterial species were assessed. In vitro experiments included Leishmania co-cultures with bacteria applied at different concentrations (102-108 CFU/ml), monitoring parasite survival/development at early (30-120 min) and late (12-240 h) time points. In vivo experiments in Phlebotomus papatasi examined Leishmania infection rate and intensity on days 2, 6, and 8 post co-infection with the same bacterial species (108 CFU/ml).ResultsAll bacteria demonstrated negative effects on Leishmania survival and development. Under in vitro conditions, the speed of Leishmania ablation (48-216 h) depended on the bacterial species and concentration, impacting Leishmania motility and viability, and halting the development of metacyclic forms. In vivo studies demonstrated that bacterial overgrowth negatively impacted the intensity of Leishmania infection and percentage of stomodeal valve colonization (27.58-82.14%).ConclusionsThe observed effect of bacteria on Leishmania under in vitro and in vivo conditions points out toward the potentially greater role of microbes in Leishmania survival in vectors, highlighting the need for deeper investigations of sandfly-Leishmania-microbiota interactions.Article Prognostic Significance of Oligoclonal Bands and Their Subtypes in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Ozakbas, Serkan; Alizada, Said; Cevik, Sumeyye; Samadzade, Ulvi; Yapici, Nurbanu Aygunduz; Zengin, Ela Simay; Caliskan, CanObjective: To investigate the long-term prognostic significance of cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal band (OCB) positivity and its subtypes (Type 2 and Type 3) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: This retrospective cohort included 2324 RRMS patients diagnosed using the 2017 McDonald criteria. All patients had documented OCB status and at least 2 years of clinical follow-up; a subset had 5-year data. Outcomes included Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), annualised relapse rate (ARR), and conversion to secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Subgroup analysis compared Type 2 and Type 3 OCBpositive patients. Results: OCB positivity was observed in 82.4 % of patients. At year 2, no significant differences in EDSS, ARR, or SPMS conversion were found between OCB-positive and OCB-negative groups. However, by year 5, the OCBpositive group had a significantly higher rate of conversion to SPMS (p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that Type 3 OCB patients had significantly lower EDSS scores at year 2 compared to Type 2 (p < 0.05), but this difference disappeared at year 5. Conclusion: OCB positivity may be associated with a higher risk of progression to SPMS over the long term. Type 3 OCB may indicate a milder early disease course, although its protective effect diminishes over time. Incorporating OCB subtype analysis into RRMS prognosis may enhance early risk stratification.Article Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Lung Function on Functional Exercise Capacity in Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study(Galenos Publ House, 2025) Aktan, Ridvan; Aktan, Ozge Ocaker; Ozalevli, Sevgi; Dursun, HuseyinObjective: This study aims to investigate the contribution of lung function and respiratory muscle strength in predicting functional exercise capacity in post-myocardial infarction (MI) subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 56 stable post-MI subjects. Lung function was assessed using a digital spirometer, and respiratory muscle strength was measured using an intraoral pressure meter. The 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) was conducted to assess functional exercise capacity. Correlations and multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate predictors of 6MWD, considering demographic factors, lung function, and respiratory muscle strength. The Bland-Altman plot was used to investigate the agreement between observed and predicted 6MWDs. RESULTS: Significant positive correlations were found between 6MWD and forced vital capacity (FVC)(%predicted )(r = 0.528, P = 0.022) and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)(%predicted )(r = 0.640, P = 0.022). Age (r = -0.350, P = 0.008) and body mass index (BMI) (r= -0.561, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with 6MWD. The best regression model included MIP%predicted (beta = 0.332, P = 0.002), BMI (beta = -0.264, P = 0.012), being male (beta = 0.262, P = 0.003), age (beta = -0.210, P = 0.020), and FVC%predicted (beta = 0.219, P = 0.026) as significant unique contributors. The final multiple linear regression model was significant [F (5, 50) = 19.08, P < 0.001] and explained 65.6% of the variance (R-2 = 0.656) in the 6MWD. CONCLUSION: Lung function and respiratory muscle strength significantly contribute to functional exercise capacity in post-MI. This study emphasizes the importance of comprehensive respiratory function assessments in rehabilitation strategies to improve exercise capacity in patients with post-MI.Article Intra- and Interobserver Reproducibility of Placental Shear Wave Elastography Measurements(Wiley, 2025) Cakir, Zubeyde Emiralioglu; Can, Sevim Tuncer; Golbasi, Hakan; Bayraktar, Burak; Gercik, Ilayda; Aktas, Hale Ankara; Ekin, AtalayObjectives To evaluate the intra- and interobserver reproducibility of placental shear wave elastography (SWE) in healthy third-trimester singleton pregnancies.Methods This prospective study included 80 women with singleton pregnancies between 28 and 37 weeks of gestation. Placental stiffness was measured using point SWE at central and peripheral regions. Each participant was evaluated twice by 1 observer and once by another. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess reproducibility.Results Placental SWE showed moderate reproducibility. In anterior placentas, intraobserver ICCs were 0.681 for peripheral and 0.715 for central regions, while interobserver ICCs were 0.630 and 0.701, respectively. In posterior placentas, intraobserver ICCs were 0.785 for peripheral and 0.765 for central regions, with interobserver ICCs of 0.717 and 0.753, respectively. In the total cohort, peripheral SWE velocity had an intraobserver ICC of 0.728 and interobserver ICC of 0.672, while central SWE velocity demonstrated comparable values, with intraobserver ICC of 0.729 and interobserver ICC of 0.727.Conclusion Placental SWE demonstrated moderate intra- and interobserver reproducibility, with minor variations depending on placental location. Despite these differences, measurement reliability was sufficiently acceptable to support its feasibility as a noninvasive adjunct in placental assessment.Article Space-Magnitude Associations Modulate the Familiar-Size Stroop Effect in Visual Size Judgments(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Dural, Seda; Sefikoglu, Melike; Cetinkaya, HakanThe familiar-size Stroop effect shows how prior knowledge of an object's real-world size influences visual size judgments, slowing reactions when familiar and visual sizes conflict. This study examined how space-magnitude associations, specifically mental number line (MNL) compatibility, interact with Stroop congruency. Participants compared the visual sizes of two objects, ignoring real-world sizes, and identified either the smaller or the larger object across four conditions: Stroop-congruent/MNL-compatible, Stroop-congruent/MNL-incompatible, Stroop-incongruent/MNL-compatible, and Stroop-incongruent/MNL-incompatible. Tasks followed small-then-large or large-then-small identification sequences. Results showed MNL compatibility modulates Stroop interference: MNL-compatible (small-left, large-right) presentations reduced interference, while MNL-incompatible (large-left, small-right) presentations increased it, depending on task type and order. RT distribution analyses revealed MNL effects emerged in slower bins for Stroop-congruent trials and faster bins for Stroop-incongruent trials within small-then-large sequences. These findings suggest that space-magnitude associations shape the familiar-size Stroop effect, revealing a complex relationship between spatial and conceptual representations in size judgment.Article Familial Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated With Accelerated Progression to Secondary Progressive Phase: A Retrospective Single-Center Cohort Study(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Ozakbas, Serkan; Alizada, Said; Caliskan, Can; Simsek, Yasemin; Zengin, Ela SimayBackground Familial multiple sclerosis (MS), defined by the occurrence of MS in one or more relatives, is thought to represent a genetically influenced subtype of the disease. Objective To compare clinical progression, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters, and treatment responses between familial and sporadic MS patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 1,035 patients diagnosed with MS according to the 2017 McDonald criteria (523 familial, 512 sporadic). Demographic variables, MS subtypes, expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores, CSF oligoclonal band (OCB) status, IgG index, and treatment regimens were evaluated. Statistical tests included t tests, chi-square, and multivariable regression. Results Familial MS patients showed a higher incidence of secondary progressive MS (10.9%) compared to sporadic cases (7.0%, p = 0.030). Disease duration was significantly longer in familial MS (14.5 vs. 12.3 years, p < 0.01) though time to diagnosis did not differ. OCB positivity rates were comparable, but the IgG index was significantly elevated in familial MS (p < 0.01). Treatment responses did not differ between groups. Conclusion Familial MS is associated with more rapid disease progression and enhanced humoral immune activation, suggesting a distinct phenotype. These findings support the need for genetic and immunologic investigations to guide personalized treatment strategies.Article Toward a New Era in Fracture Imaging: Zero Echo Time MRI vs CT in Intra-Articular Distal Radius Fractures - A Proof-Of Study(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Kaymakoglu, Mehmet; Kolac, Ulas Can; Bahsi, Arda; Filibeli, Mert; Turken, Mehmet Aykut; Dogan, Kamil; Sahin, ErkanBackground: Computed tomography (CT) is the current reference standard for evaluating intra-articular distal radius fractures, however concerns remain regarding radiation exposure and limited soft tissue assessment. Zero Echo Time (ZTE) MRI is a novel technique that enables direct cortical bone imaging with contrast similar to CT, while avoiding radiation. This proof-of-concept study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of ZTE MRI with CT in fracture classification, articular involvement, and treatment planning. Methods: In this prospective comparative study, 28 patients with acute intra-articular distal radius fractures underwent both CT and ZTE MRI within 7 days of injury. Fractures were classified according to AO/OTA, Fernandez classifications, quantitative parameters (angulation, radial inclination, ulnar variance, articular fragment count) and binary findings (distal ulna fracture, distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) involvement) were assessed. Two orthopedic surgeons and two musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed all images. Inter- and intraobserver agreement was calculated using Cohen's and Fleiss' kappa and intraclass correlation coefficients. Results: Agreement among surgeons for AO/OTA classification was good on CT (kappa = 0.767) and good on ZTE MRI (kappa = 0.680). For Fernandez classification, agreement was good on CT (kappa = 0.780) and ZTE (kappa = 0.736). Surgeons demonstrated higher agreement (kappa approximate to 0.68-0.78) than radiologists (kappa approximate to 0.56-0.65). For binary parameters, agreement among radiologists was very good (kappa = 0.820-0.880), while inter-surgeon agreement ranged from moderate to good (kappa = 0.500-0.714). Continuous measures showed good reproducibility for angulation (ICC = 0.762-0.858), but lower values for inclination among surgeons (ICC <= 0.492-0.531). ZTE MRI demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy comparable to CT for classification and detection of DRUJ involvement and distal ulna fractures (approximately 85-93 %). Treatment decisions showed very good agreement (kappa = 0.855), with ZTE altering CT-based management in 3/28 (10.7 %) cases for Surgeon 1 and 2/28 (7.1 %) for Surgeon 2. Conclusion: ZTE MRI provides diagnostic performance comparable to CT for intra-articular distal radius fractures, with high reliability for fracture classification, joint involvement, and treatment decision-making. As a radiation-free modality that also permits concurrent soft tissue assessment, ZTE MRI may serve as a promising alternative to CT in selected clinical scenarios.Article Evaluation of Sleep Quality After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Rotator Cuff Tear Arthropathy Patients(Springer, 2025) Kaymakoglu, Mehmet; Kolac, Ulas Can; Ayik, Gokhan; Ibik, Serkan; Ozdemir, Erdi; Huri, GaziPurpose Sleep disturbance is common in patients with rotator cuff tear arthropathy (RCTA). While reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is effective for improving pain and function, its effect on sleep quality (SQ) has not been well defined. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RSA on SQ, recovery trajectory, and clinical outcomes. Methods This retrospective study included patients with RCTA who underwent RSA between 2014 and 2021 with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. SQ and clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Simple Shoulder Test (SST), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Jenkins Sleep Scale (JSS). Preoperative and postoperative values were compared to evaluate changes over time. Results Forty-six patients (mean age, 68 years) with a mean follow-up of 5.7 years were included. Sleep disturbance was reported by 45.7% of patients preoperatively, decreasing to 26.1% at three months and 21.7% at the last follow-up (p < 0.001). Median PSQI scores improved from 6 preoperatively to 5 at three months and remained stable thereafter. The mean ASES score increased from 40.2 preoperatively to 62.2 postoperatively (p < 0.001), and the average VAS score decreased from 6.0 to 2.0 by six months (p < 0.001). Conclusion RSA leads to improvements in sleep and function in RCTA patients, though gains plateau with time. Future studies using objective sleep measures may further refine rehabilitation outcomes.Article Mediating Role of Future Fear of Violence Between the Direct Violence and Witnessed Violence and Psychological Capital: A Study of Doctors and Nurses(BMC, 2025) Cakir, Orhan; Akkoc, Irfan; Arun, Korhan; Digrak, Ebru; Akkoc, Seher; Unlueroglugil, Hasibe Serap Uluirmak; Cakir, Cagri IsilHealthcare professionals, particulary doctors and nurses, experience a complex relationship between direct violence and witnessed violence in the workplace. This study investigates how direct and witnessed violence affect psychological capital through the mediating role of future violence.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive and correlational research design was employed in this study. Data were collected from health institutions in western T & uuml;rkiye, with a total of 420 doctors and nurses participating in this study. The data collection instruments included Personal Information Form, Exposure to Violence Scale, Fear of Future Violence Scale and Organizational Psychological Capital Scale. The analyze the data, regression techniques were employed to examine the direct effects of violence on psychological capital, as well as to explore the mediating role of future fear of violence in these relationships.ResultsThe analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between direct and witnessed workplace violence; however, future fear of violence did not significantly correlate with either. While future fear of violence was weakly but significantly associated with optimism and self-efficacy, it showed no significant relationship with resilience or hope. Direct violence showed no meaningful correlation with any psychological capital subdimension. Witnessed violence was negatively associated only with optimism. Furthermore, no mediating role of future fear of violence was found between workplace violence and psychological capital.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates limited effects of direct and witnessed workplace violence on the subdimensions of psychological capital. Future fear of violence was not found to significantly mediate the relationship between experiences of violence and psychological capital. These results suggest a more complex dynamic between workplace violence and employees' psychological capital, highlighting the need for further detailed research in this area.Article Vincamine Mitigates Methotrexate-Induced Liver Fibrosis Model(AVES, 2025) Urun, Yonca Yilmaz; Guner, Gurkan; Bora, Ejder Saylav; Taskin, Ayse Buket; Urun, Muslih; Erbas, OytunBackground/Aims: Liver fibrosis is linked to higher rates of death and disease. This study examined the hepatoprotective properties of vincamine and its potential therapeutic application in treating liver damage caused by methotrexate in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar albino rats, with weights ranging from 150 to 200 g and ages between 10 and 12 weeks, were included in the study. A total of 10 rats were selected to serve as the control group, receiving no medication. A group of 20 rats was given a single intraperitoneal dose of 20 mg/kg methotrexate in order to cause liver damage. Subsequently, the participants were randomly allocated into 2 cohorts and administered either 1 mL/kg/day tap water or 50 mg/kg/day vincamine orally through gavage on a daily basis for a duration of 10 days. Following the completion of the treatment period, the animals were euthanized and their livers were examined histologically. Furthermore, the levels of plasma galectin-3 (gal-3), cytokeratin 18, malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine transaminase (ALT), liver MDA, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) levels were evaluated. Results: Treatment with vincamine resulted in a significant decrease in plasma gal-3, cytokeratin, MDA, and ALT levels and liver MDA and TGF-beta levels compared to the methotrexate and saline group. Vincamine treatment effectively protected against liver injury, and histopathological examination of the livers confirmed these results. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that vincamine alleviates methotrexate-induced liver toxicity via exhibiting antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-fibrotic activities and improved liver functionally, biochemically, and histopathologically.Article Sensory Profiles in Children with Speech Sound Disorders(Karger, 2025) Bjorelius, Helena; Tukel, Sermin; Tsilingaridis, Georgios; Malmenholt, Ann; Terband, HayoIntroduction: Intact sensory processing functions are essential in the development of speech and language, cognitive and motor milestones, and for supporting participation in daily activities. This study investigated in detail which specific modalities of sensory processing are affected in children with speech sound disorders (SSDs), including relevant clinical subgroups. Methods: A consecutive sample of 143 children between 4 and 9 years (6:0 years) of age referred for differential diagnosis of oral and speech motor disorders to the centre of eating, speech, and oral motor function (OMC) was included. Caregivers completed the Swedish version of the Sensory Profile 2 (SP2), which assesses sensory responses in everyday situations. Standardized norms were used for comparison. Results: Children with motor speech disorders (MSDs) (n = 82) and those with a language-oriented speech disorder (LD) with concomitant oral motor developmental delay (ODD) (n = 27) exhibited significantly more sensory processing difficulties than typically developing peers. Children in the MSD group also frequently presented with co-occurring LD and ODD diagnoses (MSD+). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that children with SSD, particularly those in the MSD+ and LD + ODD subgroups, show a higher degree of sensory processing difficulties. These difficulties may significantly affect their participation in daily life activities. Gaining an understanding of how sensory processing dysfunctions shape a child's actions and reactions is of vital importance for speech language pathologists (SLPs) working with these children. This knowledge can inform more tailored and effective intervention strategies within speech and language therapy. Children use their senses such as hearing, touch, movement, and balance to learn to talk, understand language, and join in everyday activities. Some children have speech sound disorders (SSD), which make it hard for them to say words clearly. These children may also find it difficult to process sensory information, meaning they might react more strongly, less strongly, or differently to sights, sounds, or touch. In this study, we looked at 143 children aged 4-9 years who came to a specialist clinic for help with speech and oral motor skills (how the mouth and muscles work for talking and eating). Parents filled in a questionnaire called the Sensory Profile 2, which asks about how children respond in everyday situations. We compared these results to what is typical for children the same age. We found that children with motor speech disorders (MSD), and children with a language-related speech disorder together with oral motor developmental delay (ODD), had more difficulties with sensory processing than children without speech disorders. Children with MSD often also had both language and oral motor difficulties. These findings show that sensory processing challenges are common in children with SSD, especially in certain subgroups. These challenges can affect how children take part in daily life at home, at school, and with friends. By understanding each child's sensory needs, speech language pathologists can plan therapy that supports both clearer speech and better participation in everyday activities.Article Real-Time EEG Decoding of Motor Imagery via Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction (Manifold Learning) and Shallow Classifiers(MDPI, 2025) Kucukselbes, Hezzal; Sayilgan, EbruThis study introduces a real-time processing framework for decoding motor imagery EEG signals by integrating manifold learning techniques with shallow classifiers. EEG recordings were obtained from six healthy participants performing five distinct wrist and hand motor imagery tasks. To address the challenges of high dimensionality and inherent nonlinearity in EEG data, five nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods, t-SNE, ISOMAP, LLE, Spectral Embedding, and MDS, were comparatively evaluated. Each method was combined with three shallow classifiers (k-NN, Naive Bayes, and SVM) to investigate performance across binary, ternary, and five-class classification settings. Among all tested configurations, the t-SNE + k-NN pairing achieved the highest accuracies, reaching 99.7% (two-class), 99.3% (three-class), and 89.0% (five-class). ISOMAP and MDS also delivered competitive results, particularly in multi-class scenarios. The presented approach builds upon our previous work involving EEG datasets from individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), where the same manifold techniques were examined extensively. Comparative findings between healthy and SCI groups reveal consistent advantages of t-SNE and ISOMAP in preserving class separability, despite higher overall accuracies in healthy subjects due to improved signal quality. The proposed pipeline demonstrates low-latency performance, completing signal processing and classification in approximately 150 ms per trial, thereby meeting real-time requirements for responsive BCI applications. These results highlight the potential of nonlinear dimensionality reduction to enhance real-time EEG decoding, offering a low-complexity yet high-accuracy solution applicable to both healthy users and neurologically impaired individuals in neurorehabilitation and assistive technology contexts.Article Comparative Analysis of Onabotulinum Toxin Type-A Injection Techniques in Older Adults With Blepharospasm: A Retrospective Cohort Study(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025) Poyraz, Turan; Cilengiroglu, Ozgul VupaIntroduction: Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a focal dystonia that can lead to functional blindness in older adults. While botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is widely utilized in the treatment of BEB, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the optimal injection technique. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes and measurable scales associated with injections into the orbicularis oculi muscle at the pars pretarsalis (PPT) and pars preseptalis (PPS) regions, assessing their efficacy and side effects. Methods: The study included 32 patients diagnosed with BEB. Two injection techniques utilizing onabotulinum toxin type-A-PPT and PPS-were compared. The modified Jankovic Scale (mJS) was used to assess the clinical severity and frequency of blepharospasm. At the same time, the Blepharospasm Disability Scale evaluated the associated disabilities. The Schirmer I test was used to assess dry eye symptoms post-BoNT administration. Adverse effects were self-reported, and participants were examined at 1- and 3-month follow-up. Results: Both injection techniques resulted in significant improvements in the mJS severity and frequency scores, as well as the Blepharospasm Disability Scale (p < 0.05). Notably, improvements in ocular dryness were particularly pronounced at the 1-month mark (p < 0.05). The PPT injection technique displayed a superior safety profile, with the total number of adverse events statistically greater in the PPS group compared to the PPT group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: BoNT injections through both PPT and PPS techniques are effective in treating BEB in older adults. However, the PPT technique demonstrates a lower incidence of adverse events, rendering it a preferable choice for clinicians managing BEB.Article Human Papillomavirus Positivity and Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion in Cervical Biopsy and Endocervical Curettage in Women Younger Than 30 Years(Wiley, 2025) Gulhan, Ibrahim; Orun, Huseyin; Yanigli, Gulsen; Cagiran, Rumeysa Nur; Inan, Abdurrahman Hamdi; Bozkurt, Korkut; Ozeren, MehmetObjectives: Assess high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion/cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL/CIN) grade 2+ detection by cervical biopsy and endocervical curettage (ECC) in women younger than 30years. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed medical records from January 2016 to June 2024 at a tertiary hospital. All women aged 21years and older who underwent HPV and Papanicolaou testing, plus those younger than 30years referred for colposcopy, were included. Data on age, HPV status, cytology, colposcopy-directed biopsy, and ECC findings were extracted. The primary outcome was HSIL/CIN 2+ incidence on pathology. Results: Among 57 381 women, high-risk HPV prevalence was 14.3% overall: 36.8% in those aged 21-24years, 24.0% in those aged 25-29years, and 12.7% in those 30years and older. Of 735 women younger than 30years, 291 were managed by follow-up decision and 444 underwent biopsy/ECC; follow-up decision was more common in women aged 21-24years versus those 25-29 years (49% vs. 35.8%). Among the 444 women who underwent biopsy, HSIL/CIN 2+ and HSIL/CIN 3+ occurred in 37.8% and 14.6%, respectively, with similar HSIL/CIN 3+ rates in those aged 21-24years versus those 25-29years (16.8% vs. 13.9%). In 173 women with benign cytology, 30.1% had HSIL/CIN 2+ on pathology. The number needed to screen for HSIL was approximately 2-3 after co-testing versus approximately 40 with Papanicolaou testing alone. In addition, Papanicolaou test alone demonstrated poor agreement with biopsy/ECC results (low Cohen kappa), confirming its inadequate performance. Two cases of cervical cancers were diagnosed at ages 22 and 29years. Conclusions: Similar high-grade lesion rates in women aged 21-24years and those 25-29years support initiating cervical cancer screening at age 21years. Given the substantial HSIL detection despite benign cytology, co-testing with Papanicolaou and HPV testing is recommended in this age group.Article Prevalence and Magnitude of Perceived Dual-Task Difficulties in People with Multiple Sclerosis: An International Study(W.B. Saunders, 2025) Abasıyanık, Z.; Pedullà, L.; Kahraman, T.; Soler, B.; Santoyo-Medina, C.; Tacchino, A.; D'Hooge, M.Objective: To investigate the prevalence and magnitude of dual-task (DT) difficulties and the discriminative ability of 3 questionnaires evaluating perceived DT difficulties: the Dual-Tasking Questionnaire (DTQ), Dual-Task Screening List (DTSL), and Dual-task Impact on Daily life Activities Questionnaire (DIDA-Q). Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study. Setting: Persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and those without multiple sclerosis were recruited from 7 centers across 6 countries. Participants: A total of 540 participants (N=540): 175 with mild disability (mean Expanded Disability Status Scale, 2.1; mean age, 42.9), 181 with moderate-to-severe disability (mean Expanded Disability Status Scale, 5.3; mean age, 51.9), and 184 of those without multiple sclerosis (mean age, 44.8). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: The cutoff scores of the DTQ, DTSL, and DIDA-Q and prevalence of DT difficulties were calculated. The effect size (ES) was calculated to determine the magnitude of the differences between groups (pwMS vs those without multiple sclerosis). The discriminative properties were identified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Cutoff values were estimated as the mean survey score plus 2 SDs of those without multiple sclerosis. Results: Prevalence ranged from 49%-87% in the moderate-to-severe disability and 25%-45% in the mild disability group. The cutoff scores were 45 of 100 for DTQ, 25 of 100 for DTSL, and 14 of 76 for DIDA-Q. The DTQ (ES, 0.61), DTSL (ES, 0.73), and DIDA-Q (ES, 0.80) demonstrated discriminative ability with a moderate-to-large ES, showing greater perceived DT difficulties in pwMS compared with those without multiple sclerosis. The DIDA-Q had the largest AUC (0.904) compared with DTSL (0.866), and DTQ (0.802). Conclusions: The DT difficulties were already perceived in almost half of the mildly disabled patients and increased with disability severity. The DTQ, DTSL, and DIDA-Q show discriminative ability, with the highest AUC and ES observed in DIDA-Q. The DTQ, DTSL, and DIDA-Q can clearly be used in pwMS for clinical and research purposes. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Article Ranking Circularity Levels in Industrial Parks: A Holistic Approach Incorporating Environmental, Economic and Social Indicators(Springer, 2025) Berk, I.; Ediger, V.Ş.; Öztürk, E.B.; Uctug, F.G.; Kucuker, M.A.; Inan, A.; Aktuna, G.B.This study introduces a circularity ranking system at the meso-level, specifically targeting industrial parks, through the development of the Circular Economy Sustainability Index (CESI). The index comprises five economic-environmental indicators: energy intensity, emission intensity, water intensity, waste intensity, and recycling ratio, as well as a social indicator as a sixth dimension. We utilize CESI to evaluate the circular economy performance of 22 manufacturing firms in the Adana Hacı Sabancı Organized Industrial Zone (AOSB). AOSB, one of the most prominent industrial parks in Türkiye, serves as an excellent case study to assess companies’ circularity performance and identify areas for improvement in the country’s green industrial transformation endeavor. Our findings reveal that waste and recycling indicators are pivotal in determining circularity, contributing 34.6% to the overall score, while the social indicator adds another 16.3%. These results underscore the significance of effective waste management and social responsibility in enhancing circularity. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
