An Investigation into Form Blending in Architecture Through Generative Form-Finding and Optimization Procedures

Abstract

Form- blending' is a computational design tool rooted in the animation industry and utilized by 3D programs originally developed for cartoon films. At the turn of the millennium, architects and designers started utilizing 'form-blending' to design gradual shapes. However, since these form-blended geometries per se, have their genesis rooted in merging irregular patterns, they do not necessarily embrace structural principles. Thus, the use of 'form-blending' tools does not guarantee geometries adhere to any generic structural rationale. To address this problem, a comparison discussing the pros and cons of optimization methods and tools regarding their potential for integration into 'form-blending' was initiated. The outcome of this process suggested the development of a methodology incorporating discretization, finite element model, and multi-objective optimization in connection with tools such as 'form-blending', to generate geometries with structural logic. This methodology aims to enable architects and designers to receive structural feedback during the design process and to generate variants based on structural objectives. In a case study employing form-blended shapes, the methodology was tested to evaluate the methodology's applicability and performance. The results exhibited form-blended geometry based on structural rationale and form-finding principles. Thus, supporting architects with a methodology to employ computational tools such as 'form blending' to design and generate variants of shapes based on a structural logic for further structural development.