Demonstration of subclinical left ventricular electrical and mechanical dysfunction in overweight subjects by frontal QRS-T angle and 3D-speckle tracking echocardiography

Abstract

BackgroundOverweightness is a considerable step in the process leading to obesity. There are no sufficient studies on the effect of cardiomyopathy defined in obese patients about overweight subjects. We thought that it may be useful to examine the myocardial involvement in overweight individuals electro-mechanically with more sensitive techniques before the development of obesity cardiomyopathy. AimThe aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether or not there are subclinical left ventricular (LV) electrical and mechanical dysfunctions in overweight patients using frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle (electrically) and 3D-speckle tracking echocardiography (mechanically). MethodsA total of 80 overweight patients and 80 age- and sex-matched normal weight individuals were enrolled into the study. 3D-STE examinations of the patients were performed. Electrocardiographic recordings were obtained for fQRS-T angle assessment. ResultsThe LV-GLS and LV-GCS were significantly depressed in the overweight group than in the normal weight group (-14.5 & PLUSMN; 3.4 vs. -21.7 & PLUSMN; 3.6, p < .001; -15.2 & PLUSMN; 4.6 vs. -24.3 & PLUSMN; 4.8, p < .001, respectively). The fQRS-T angle was found to be increased in the overweight group (142.5 & PLUSMN; 39.2 vs. 114.7 & PLUSMN; 43.5, p = < .001). Statistically significant positive linear correlations were observed between BMI with LV-GLS, LV-GCS, and fQRS-T angle. LV-GLS and LV-GCS were found to be disrupted linearly as BMI increased (r = .718 for BMI and LV-GLS, r = .653 for BMI and LV-GCS). As BMI increased, it was found that the fQRS-T angle increased (r = .692 for BMI and fQRS-T angle). ConclusionOur results support that, overweight individuals, despite their being apparently healthy, may have subclinical LV myocardial mechanical and electrical dysfunction.