Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/5558
Title: Predictors of relapse risk and treatment response in AQP4-IgG positive and seronegative NMOSD: A multicentre study
Authors: Siriratnam, Pakeeran
Sanfilippo, Paul
van der Walt, Anneke
Sharmin, Sifat
Foong, Yi Chao
Yeh, Wei Zhen
Zhu, Chao
Keywords: MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
IMMUNOLOGY
MEDICINE
HEALTH ECONOMICS
Optica Spectrum Disorder
Neuromyelitis-Optica
Double-Blind
Efficacy
Safety
Azathioprine
Satralizumab
Rituximab
Outcomes
Publisher: Bmj Publishing Group
Abstract: Background Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can be categorised into aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) NMOSD or seronegative NMOSD. While our knowledge of AQP4-IgG NMOSD has evolved significantly in the past decade, seronegative NMOSD remains less understood. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of relapses and treatment responses in AQP4-IgG NMOSD and seronegative NMOSD. Methods This was a multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study using the MSBase registry. Recurrent relapse risk was assessed using an Andersen-Gill model and risk of first relapse was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Covariates that putatively influence relapse risk included demographic factors, clinical characteristics and immunosuppressive therapies; the latter was assessed as a time-varying covariate. Results A total of 398 patients (246 AQP4-IgG NMOSD and 152 seronegative NMOSD) were included. The AQP4-IgG NMOSD and seronegative NMOSD patients did not significantly differ by age at disease onset, ethnicity or annualised relapse rate. Both low-efficacy and high-efficacy immunosuppressive therapies were associated with significant reductions in recurrent relapse risk, with notably greater protection conferred by high-efficacy therapies in both AQP4-IgG NMOSD (HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.49, p<0.001) and seronegative NMOSD (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.51, p<0.001). Longer disease duration (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99, p<0.001) and male sex (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.84, p=0.007) were additional protective variables in reducing the recurrent relapse risk for the AQP4-IgG NMOSD group. Conclusion Although further studies are needed to improve our understanding of seronegative NMOSD, our findings underscore the importance of aggressive treatment with high-efficacy immunotherapies in both NMOSD subtypes, regardless of serostatus.
URI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-334090
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/5558
ISSN: 0022-3050
1468-330X
Appears in Collections:PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection
Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection
WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / WoS Indexed Publications Collection

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