Determination the incidence of surgery related pressure injury and to examine the effects of risk factors on pressure injury formation

Abstract

Surgical patients are at risk for pressure injuries throughout the entire surgical process. Prevalence and incidence studies are critical to determine risk groups in surgical patient groups. This study was conducted to determine the incidence of pressure injury development in patients hospitalized in surgical clinics and to examine the effects of risk factors on it. The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 138 patients hospitalized in surgical wards. Data collection tools included a patient information questionnaire, The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP) Pressure Injury and Stages Form, and the Munro Perioperative Pressure Ulcer Risk Assessment Scale. Data were analyzed on the SPSS 24.0 software package by using descriptive statistical tests such as frequency and percentage distribution, chi-square test, independent groups t-test, and univariate logistic regression analysis. The incidence of surgery-related pressure injuries was found to be 18.8 %. Patients’ mean scores on the Munro scale were 10.23 ±0 .2.95 before surgery, 12.80 ± 2.57 during surgery, and 23.03 ± 5.07 following surgery, with the mean total score being 24.47 ± 5.44. The mean score on the total Munro scale was statistically significantly higher in patients who developed pressure injuries than in those who did not. Patients' age, blood albumin level, body mass index, presence of oedema, use of medical equipment, mobility status, type of anaesthesia used in surgery, and duration of surgery were determined as effective risk factors in pressure injury development. In conclusion, it was found that pressure injuries developed at a considerable rate in patients undergoing surgical operations. It is recommended that surgical nurses should take the necessary precautions in time. © 2024