Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / Scopus Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/3

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Moral Injury in Healthcare Workers: What Is It? Why Does It Develop? How to Prevent It?
(Turkish Medical Association, 2025) Kavas, M.V.; Daldaban Berberoğlu, A.; Söğüt, H.E.; Bilgili, F.; Oztek-Celebi, F.Z.
In extraordinary situations, healthcare workers may find themselves in positions of decision-making and practicing in the face of professionally and personally challenging ethical dilemmas which may result in moral injury. Moral injury is a spesific form of affect that is strong enough to shake one’s fundamental ethical values, attitudes, and explanations. It is seen in those who witness severe emotional damage, intense human suffering, and cruelty. This study aims to discuss the phenomenon of moral injury in healthcare workers, the factors that contribute to its development, and the strategies for prevention in the context of preparation for extraordinary situations. Moral injury erodes a person’s perception of being an active and independent subject, his/her value integrity, and basic sense of well-being, and negatively affects him/her psychologically, socially and spiritually. Healthcare workers who are exposed to moral injury may become alienated from themselves and their profession, and may have to cope with feelings of burnout and hopelessness. This may lead to depression, anger, feelings of inadequacy, and disengagement from the profession in healthcare workers. By raising general awareness, empowering those at risk, and implementing collective cultural transformation efforts, it is possible to compensate for the negative effects of moral injury by helping people become morally resilient. These initiatives must be planned holistically as part of preparation for and building resilience to adverse events. They should be integrated with work processes at the organizational, system, and community levels, as well as at interpersonal (healthcare worker – patient) level. The competence and moral resilience of the health workforce should be regarded as an essential element of emergency preparedness. Conversely, being inadequately prepared for extraordinary situations may result in moral injury among healthcare workers. We posit that further empirical studies on the morally challenging experiences of healthcare workers in our country, where extraordinary situations are frequently encountered, will facilitate the comprehension of this significant phenomenon and the advancement of initiatives to enhance moral resilience. © 2025, Turkish Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Synthetic Interpretations: AI-Driven Scoring Framework for Architectural Design Evaluation
(Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe, 2025) Bingöl, K.; Koç, M.; Çiçek, S.; Aksu, M.S.; Öztürk, E.; Mersin, G.; Basarir, L.
While artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly influenced architectural design through generative tasks like conceptual exploration and visualization, its capacity for nuanced qualitative evaluation remains underexplored. Effective evaluation requires a convergence of subjective interpretation and objective rigor, addressing contextual relationships, formal qualities, adherence to design principles, programmatic functions, construction strategies, structural systems, and sustainable practices. This research addresses these challenges by developing an AI-driven scoring framework, ArchiJury, based on synthetic architectural reviews aligned with established evaluation criteria. Two distinct AI models form the methodological basis of the study: The first employs visual transformer models and a synergy simulation algorithm for precise, context-based criterion-specific evaluation. The second uses a ResNet-18 deep-learning architecture for multi-criteria holistic scoring, trained end-to-end with an annotated dataset and optimized through mean squared error (MSE) loss, and utilizes Grad-CAM heatmaps for interpretability by visually representing the influential image regions guiding AI scoring decisions. The outputs of both models are comparatively discussed with human expert evaluations to critically assess AI’s potential and limitations, and implications of AI driven evaluation, clarifying how these computational methods align or diverge from expert judgment and exploring their significance for scalable, consistent, and nuanced architectural evaluation. © 2025, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. All rights reserved.
Insights From AI-Driven Architectural Design Competition: Challenging Conventional Paradigms
(Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe, 2025) Mersin, G.; Çiçek, S.; Basarir, L.
The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are fundamentally transforming the design landscape, prompting a critical reflection: how might architectural design competitions adapt to leverage AI's potential as a collaborative design assistant, challenging conventional paradigms and fostering broader awareness of technological advancements within the architectural profession? Addressing this inquiry, a pioneering competition was organized by a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) to explore new trajectories in integrating AI into architectural design practices. The competition engaged participants in proposing innovative architectural interventions for a historically and industrially significant urban site. Its central aim was to encourage the development of AI-assisted workflows tailored to each participant’s unique design methodologies, reframing architectural design as an iterative process of thinking, seeing, and making, rather than a static outcome. This paper examines the competition’s methodology, detailing stages such as the preparation of specifications that emphasized AI workflow customization, and the evaluation framework of the jury, which prioritized originality, contextual relevance, and the depth of AI integration. Particular attention is given to how participants utilized AI to document and enhance their creative processes, fostering dynamic and personalized approaches to design. The findings underscore the potential of AI to redefine architectural workflows, offering insights into how computational tools can augment design thinking and practice. By reframing the role of AI in architectural design competitions, this study proposes a transformative model for integrating emerging technologies into the profession, emphasizing the importance of process-driven innovation to inspire broader engagement and understanding within the architectural community. © 2025, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. All rights reserved.
User Experience Analysis in Spatial Perception: A Hybrid Study Using Eye-Tracking and Think-Aloud (ETA)
(Education and Research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe, 2025) Yilmaz, E.; Altintas, L.E.; Taneri, B.
The perception of space plays a vital role in architectural design by shaping functional and sustainable environments centered on user experience. Integrating user feedback on spatial perception and interaction has become essential for creating responsive, user-centered design solutions (Sterk, 2006). Spatial perception arises from the dynamic interaction between individuals and their environment, involving observation, evaluation, and interpretation through various physical cues (Wei et al., 2021). This study investigates how architects and non-architects differ in perceiving space by analyzing their visual attention and interpretive processes. Images used in the study were selected based on the presence of architectural elements, greenery, and color. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative eye-tracking data with qualitative verbalizations to offer a nuanced understanding of spatial perception. To address the limitations of conventional eye-tracking—which lacks contextual interpretation—this research examines the link between visual attention and cognitive perception. The study was conducted in controlled settings using targeted visual stimuli to objectively assess participants’ gaze patterns and cognitive responses. Findings reveal that architects tend to identify design intentions, while non-architects focus more on natural elements and sensory impressions, influenced by personal spatial experiences. Differences may stem from the absence of a design task during perception. © 2025, Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of Donor Exclusions for Living Donor Liver Transplantation in a Tertiary Center
(Elsevier Inc., 2026) Gümüş, T.; Umman, V.; Sertöz, B.; Güler, E.; Uǧuz, A.; Önen Sertöz, O.O.; Emre, S.
Introduction: The success of living donor liver transplantation is closely related to donor selection. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) plays a crucial role in saving lives, especially where cadaveric donations are limited. Donor selection is pivotal for the success of LDLT, emphasizing donor rights, minimizing complications, and ensuring donor survival. The main purpose for donor evaluation is to provide a suitable graft for the recipient while assuring a safe operation for the donor. This study aims to identify our center's donor exclusion reasons, assess limitations in donor pool utilization, and enhance its effectiveness. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 680 healthy individuals who applied as liver donor candidates to our center between November 2016 and November 2021. Of these, 170 underwent donor hepatectomy, while 510 candidates deemed unsuitable were investigated. Results: A total of 170 (25%) candidates became liver donors (group A), and 510 (75%) candidates were found unsuitable (group B). Recipient-related reasons (179, 35.09%) made up the leading exclusion cause. Psychiatric problems (105, 20%) ranked second among the reasons for rejection of donor candidates, and hepatosteatosis was the third most common reason. Conclusion: The critical factor determining the success of living donor liver transplantation is the precise selection of the donor. Achieving optimal donor selection is feasible through a comprehensive multidisciplinary liver transplant team and clearly defined criteria. By employing appropriate selection standards and a skilled transplant team, it is feasible to enhance the pool of liver donors and conduct more living donor liver transplants with reduced morbidity and mortality rates. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.
Nontraumatic Subdural Hemorrhage Due to Arachnoid Cyst Rupture
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2026) Erdoğan, H.K.; Aksay, E.; Guzelce, M.C.; Ozgur, S.
Arachnoid cysts (ACs) are benign congenital lesions that are often detected incidentally during imaging studies performed for various etiological reasons. These cysts are typically asymptomatic, and in most cases do not require surgical intervention. Although ACs are commonly encountered, they are rarely complicated by intracystic hemorrhage or subdural hematoma. In this report, we present a case of a nontraumatic rupture of an AC, which remained undiagnosed until the age of 52 years. © 2026 Turkish Journal of Emergency Medicine.
The Relation Between Emerging Adults Attachment Styles And Rejection Sensitivity: The Mediating Role Of Emotion Regulation Difficulties
(Association for Clinical Psychology Research, 2026) Zebil, Beyza; Koçak, Aylin
Although the relation between emerging adults’ attachment styles and rejection sensitivity is well-established, there remains a lack of understanding regarding the potential mechanisms that mediate this association. This study aims to explore the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relation between attachment styles and rejection sensitivity among emerging adults. The sample comprised of 373 participants aged 18-29 years (Mage = 22.80 years, SD = 2.55), of whom 85.5% were female. Data was collected online. The ThreeDimensional Attachment Styles Scale was used to assess participants' attachment styles, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation ScaleBrief Form was utilized to evaluate emotion regulation difficulties, and the Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire measured levels of rejection sensitivity. The mediation analysis revealed that emotion regulation difficulties significantly mediated the relation between secure attachment style and rejection sensitivity. However, emotion regulation difficulties did not significantly mediate the relation between anxious-indecisive or avoidant attachment styles and rejection sensitivity. Notably, the analysis showed that females experienced greater difficulties in emotion regulation and these difficulties decreased with age. These findings highlight the complex interplay between attachment styles, emotion regulation difficulties, and rejection sensitivity among Turkish emerging adults. The results of this study will provide valuable insights to the professionals working with individuals experiencing rejection sensitivity, emphasizing the critical role of attachment security and emotion regulation. © 2026, Association for Clinical Psychology Research. All rights reserved.
Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium
(2025) Gonzalez-Gomez, R.; Hernandez, H.; Migeot, J.; Cruzat, J.; Legaz, A.; Fittipaldi, S.; Ibáñez, A.
BACKGROUND: While education is crucial for brain health, evidence mainly relies on individual measures of years of education (YoE), neglecting educational quality (EQ). Whether YoE and EQ have complementary impacts on aging and dementia is unknown. METHODS: We assessed the impact of EQ and YoE on brain health in 7,533 subjects from 20 countries, including healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). EQ was based on country-level quality indicators. After applying neuroimage harmonization, we examined their effect on gray matter volume and functional connectivity. Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, and cognition, controlling for multiple comparisons. The impact of image quality was controlled through sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Less EQ and YoE were associated with greater brain burden across groups. However, EQ had a stronger impact, mainly targeting the vulnerable areas of each condition. At the whole-brain level, EQ influenced atrophy (HCs: ∆mean = 2.0 [1.9-2.0] CL95 × 10⁻², p < 10⁻⁵; AD: ∆mean = 0.1 [-0.0-0.3] CL95 × 10⁻², p = 0.18; FTLD: ∆mean = 3.5 [3.0-4.0] CL95 × 10⁻², p < 10⁻⁵) and networks (HCs: ∆mean = 13.5 [13.2-13.7] CL95 × 10⁻², p < 10⁻⁵; AD: ∆mean = 5.9 [5.2-6.7] CL95 × 10⁻², p < 10⁻⁵; FTLD: ∆mean = 13.2 [11.2-13.7] CL95 × 10⁻², p < 10⁻⁵), 1.3 to 7.0 times more than YoE. CONCLUSION: Results support the need to incorporate education quality to study and improve brain health, underscoring the importance of country-level measures. © 2025 The Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.
Detection of Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, and Hyperkalemia in Heart Failure Patients Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques via Electrocardiography
(2026) Iyigun, U.; Kerkutluoglu, M.; Güneş, H.; Kahramanoğullari, Faris; Kivrak, T.; Murat, B.; Küçükler, N.
OBJECTIVE: Detection and monitoring of electrolyte imbalances are essential for the appropriate treatment of many metabolic diseases. However, no reliable and noninvasive tool currently exists for such detection. Electrolyte disorders, particularly in heart failure patients, can lead to life-threatening situations, which may often develop as a result of medications used in routine treatment. METHOD: In this study, we developed a deep learning model (DLM) using electrocardiography (ECG) to detect electrolyte imbalances in heart failure patients and evaluated its performance in a multicenter setting. Seventeen different centers participated in this study. Heart failure patients (ejection fraction ≤ 45%) who had blood electrolyte measurements and ECG taken on the same day were included. Patients were divided into four groups: those with normal electrolyte values, those with hypokalemia, those with hyperkalemia, and those with hyponatremia. Patients who developed electrolyte disorders due to medications used for heart failure were classified in the relevant group. Confidence intervals (CI): We computed 95% CIs for area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) via stratified bootstrap (2,000 resamples at the patient level) and 95% CIs for accuracy using the Wilson score interval for binomial proportions. RESULTS: The accuracy rates of the DLM in detecting hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hyperkalemia were 83.33%, 95.33%, and 95.77%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The proposed DLM demonstrated high performance in detecting electrolyte imbalances. These results suggest that a DLM can be used to detect and monitor electrolyte imbalances using ECG on a daily basis.
Future Circular Collider Feasibility Study Report: Volume 1 Physics, Experiments, Detectors
(Springer Nature, 2025) Benedikt, M.; Zimmermann, F.; Auchmann, B.; Bartmann, W.; Burnet, J.P.; Carli, C.; Alonso, B.A.
Volume 1 of the FCC Feasibility Report presents an overview of the physics case, experimental programme, and detector concepts for the Future Circular Collider (FCC). This volume outlines how FCC would address some of the most profound open questions in particle physics, from precision studies of the Higgs and EW bosons and of the top quark, to the exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model. The report reviews the experimental opportunities offered by the staged implementation of FCC, beginning with an electron-positron collider (FCC-ee), operating at several centre-of-mass energies, followed by a hadron collider (FCC-hh). Benchmark examples are given of the expected physics performance, in terms of precision and sensitivity to new phenomena, of each collider stage. Detector requirements and conceptual designs for FCC-ee experiments are discussed, as are the specific demands that the physics programme imposes on the accelerator in the domains of the calibration of the collision energy, and the interface region between the accelerator and the detector. The report also highlights advances in detector, software and computing technologies, as well as the theoretical tools/reconstruction techniques that will enable the precision measurements and discovery potential of the FCC experimental programme. The content and structure of this report are guided by the scope and priorities defined in the mandate of the FCC Feasibility Study. It is therefore not intended to serve as an exhaustive review of the full physics potential of FCC. Several topics, already covered in earlier reports such as the FCC CDR, are not reiterated here or are addressed only briefly, in alignment with the study’s focus. This volume reflects the outcome of a global collaborative effort involving hundreds of scientists and institutions, aided by a dedicated community-building coordination, and provides a targeted assessment of the scientific opportunities and experimental foundations of the FCC programme. © CERN for the benefit of the FCC collaboration 2025.
Clinical Manifestations
(2025) Tee, Boon Lead; Sung, Jee Eun; Cappa, Stefano F.; Carlesimo, G.; Öz, Didem; Özbek, Y.; Tempini, M.L.G.
BACKGROUND: The digit span task, a measure of auditory verbal short-term and working memory, is widely used globally. Emerging research has revealed variations in digit span performance across languages among young adults; however, studies focusing on older populations are scarce and typically involving limited languages. This study investigates digit span performance among older adults (40-90 year-old) across fourteen languages and explored the influence of lexical and numerical properties on cognitive assessment. METHOD: We examined digit span performance among cognitively normal participants (CN), individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) across fourteen language cohorts totalling 3,681 participants: English (n = 446), Mandarin (n = 97), Cantonese (n = 65), Spanish (n = 218), Kannada (n = 69), Hindi (n = 72), Telugu (n = 69), Malayalam (n = 70), Bengali (n = 70), French (n = 299), Korean (n = 1098), Italian (n = 540), Arabic (n = 50), and Turkish (n = 518). First, we analyzed language differences in digit span performance among CN using ANOVA and general linear models. We then conducted Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses to identify the optimal cutoff values for AD. Next, we computed the digit count, syllable count, and numerical magnitude (i.e. the average sum of the digits) of all digit stimuli in the English cohort and analyzed their effects via linear and ridge regression analyses. RESULT: The forward (FDS) and backward digit span (BDS) tests revealed significant differences among CN across the fourteen language cohorts even after adjusting for age and education (FDS:F=38.62, p <0.001; BDS:F=19.23, p <0.001). ROC analysis revealed varying optimal cutoff values across languages: English (FDS:6, BDS:4), Italian and Turkish (FDS:5, BDS:4), Mandarin (FDS:7, BDS:5), Cantonese (FDS:7, BDS:4), and French (FDS:6, BDS:3). Further analysis indicated that the interaction between digit and syllable counts significantly impacted FDS accuracy in English speakers (linear:p=0.00035; ridge:p< 0.000001), with no significant effect from digit count alone after adjusting for interaction. Conversely, BDS performance showed a significant negative influence from digit count (p = 0.00858), with numerical magnitude and syllable count nearing significance (p = 0.083 and p = 0.066, respectively). CONCLUSION: Variations in digit span performance across languages illustrate the role of linguistic and numerical factors in cognitive assessments, even with tests targeting non-language domains using digit stimuli. These findings underscore the critical value of language diversity in cognitive research. © 2025 The Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.
Federalism: A Comprehensive Review of Its Evolution, Typologies, and Contemporary Issues
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Kong, L.
This study is intended to conduct a comprehensive review of federalism. This study starts from the institutional aspect and analyzes how federalism, as a compound structure, divides power between the central and local governments. Then, this study mentions that federalism also has its normative connotations, which are traceable to the theological concept of a covenant. We also elaborate on how the success of the United States’ federalism strengthened its institutional aspect while overshadowing the older covenant tradition. Next, this study presents a typological framework of federalism, introducing concepts such as coming-together federalism and holding-together federalism; dual federalism and cooperative federalism; decentralization and non-centralization; and asymmetrical federalism, non-territorial autonomy, and consociationalism, presidential and parliamentary federalism, as well as democratic federalism and authoritarian federalism/facade federalism. Next, this study compares monist federalism with multinational federalism. Then, this study examines the specific applications of federalism in fiscal, environmental, health-care, and social-welfare policies. By reviewing the history, theoretical origins, institutional development, and contemporary manifestations of federalism, this study provides a roadmap for scholars in the field of federal studies. Finally, this study also puts forward several testable hypotheses, aiming to provide operational research agendas for future studies. © 2025 by the author.
Public Health
(2025) Gonzalez-Gomez, R.; Hernandez, H.; Migeot, J.; Cruzat, J.; Legaz, A.; Fittipaldi, S.; Ibáñez, A.
BACKGROUND: While education is crucial for brain health, evidence mainly relies on individual measures of years of education (YoE), neglecting educational quality (EQ). Whether YoE and EQ have complementary impacts on aging and dementia is unknown. METHODS: We assessed the impact of EQ and YoE on brain health in 7,533 subjects from 20 countries, including healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). EQ was based on country-level quality indicators. After applying neuroimage harmonization, we examined their effect on gray matter volume and functional connectivity. Regression models were adjusted for age, sex, and cognition, controlling for multiple comparisons. The impact of image quality was controlled through sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: Less EQ and YoE were associated with greater brain burden across groups. However, EQ had a stronger impact, mainly targeting the vulnerable areas of each condition. At the whole-brain level, EQ influenced atrophy (HCs: ∆mean = 2.0 [1.9-2.0] CL95 × 10-2, p < 10-5; AD: ∆mean = 0.1 [-0.0-0.3] CL95 × 10-2, p = 0.18; FTLD: ∆mean = 3.5 [3.0-4.0] CL95 × 10-2, p < 10-5) and networks (HCs: ∆mean = 13.5 [13.2-13.7] CL95 × 10-2, p < 10-5; AD: ∆mean = 5.9 [5.2-6.7] CL95 × 10-2, p < 10-5; FTLD: ∆mean = 13.2 [11.2-13.7] CL95 × 10-2, p < 10-5), 1.3 to 7.0 times more than YoE. CONCLUSION: Results support the need to incorporate education quality to study and improve brain health, underscoring the importance of country-level measures. © 2025 The Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.
Evaluating the Standard Error Estimation of the Local Structural-After (LSAM) Approach in Structural Equation Modeling
(PsychOpen, 2025) Can, S.; Rosseel, Y.
Accurate estimation of standard errors (SEs) is essential in SEM as they quantify the uncertainty of parameter estimates, are fundamental to computing test statistics, and ensure robust population inferences. This study evaluated SEs within the Local Structural-After-Measurement (LSAM) framework, a two-step approach to SEM. Two simulation studies examined analytic and resampling-based SE methods under varying conditions, including normal and nonnormal data, different sample sizes, and both correct and misspecified models. The nonparametric bootstrap yielded near-unbiased SEs under nonnormality, even when models were misspecified, while the parametric bootstrap performed well under normal conditions with correct model specification. The analytic two-step method performed well under normal conditions but showed increased bias with nonnormal data and smaller samples. The robust two-step method reduced this bias in larger samples, though some underestimation remained in small-sample and misspecified conditions. To complement SE bias results, 90% coverage rates were assessed. Findings confirm LSAM’s capability for accurate SE estimation in challenging research contexts. © 2025 PsychOpen. All rights reserved.
Novel Adsorbents for Sustainable Water Management
(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2025) Öztürk-Atay, N.; Feyzioğlu-Demir, E.
Comparison of the Evolutions of Internal Erosion When Seepage Is at Top, Bottom or Middle Part of the Homogeneous Earth-Fill Dam Built With Fine Sand and Clay Mixture
(International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2024) Güney, M.S.; Dumlu, E.; Okan, M.; Kalyoncu, Y.
One of the most prominent failure reasons for earth-fill dams is internal erosion resulting from piping. This failure mode may cause irreversible weakened structural integrity, loss of properties, and even loss of lives. Therefore, it is important to understand the breaching process due to piping by providing reliable data for the decision-makers in case of emergency. This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey with project number 119M609 and involves experimental investigation on piping under three different weak zone scenarios to examine the breach process and provide the data for more realistic numerical evaluations. The experiments were conducted in the hydraulic laboratory of Izmir University of Economics and Dokuz Eylul University. The initiation of piping was triggered from seepage in weak layers at the bottom, middle, and upper parts, along the centerline of homogenous earth-fill dams in a rectangular flume. As a result of the experiments, the magnitude of the peak discharges and their durations as well as the eroded breach areas were found to be affected by the locations of the seepage and initial water heads acting on the weak zones. Also, in the experiments, at the beginning of the breaching, initial cascading surface flow resulted in sheet and rill erosion. © 2024 ISHS. All Rights Reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Application of Artificial Neural Network for Predicting Peak Discharge from Breached Embankment Dam
(International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2024) Okan, M.; Bor, A.; Tayfur, G.
Estimation of peak discharge is a key parameter for risk assessment in case of dam failure, and has attracted great attention from researchers in recent years. Many formulas are available in the literature, but these cannot cover all experimental scenarios. Existing models are typically inadequate to address the complexities of dam breaches. This research attempted to predict the peak discharge in the breached embankments with an artificial neural network (ANN) model, which is effective in nonlinear problems, using datasets obtained from various dam breaches cited in the literature. The ANN model is useful in the preparation of emergency action plans since it enables prediction of peak discharge. Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and Bayesian Regularization (BR) algorithms was used to predict peak discharges from breached embankments. The dataset was divided into three: 56% for training, 20% for validation and 24% for testing. Different scenarios were created using different input combinations. Performance evaluation was based on the root-mean squared error (RMSE), percent bias (PBIAS), determination of coefficient (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR). A comparison of training algorithms revealed that LM showed the best performance when the best ANN was selected from 1000 networks. Volume of water above the breach bottom (Vw) had a greater effect on model performance than the depth of water above the breach bottom (Hw). The best performance was obtained when both Vw and Hw were used as input. © 2024 ISHS. All Rights Reserved.
Lineage-Specific Transcriptomic Signatures and Therapeutic Target Discovery in Myeloid and Lymphoid Leukemias
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Ozay, Basak; Ates, Onur; Kiraz, Yagmur
Aim: Leukemias are heterogenous hematologic malignancies broadly classified into myeloid and lymphoid lineages, each with distinct molecular and clinical features. Here we aime to identify lineage-specific molecular vulnerabilities in myeloid and lymphoid leukemias and use them to guide targeted therapy and rational drug repurposing. Materials & methods: A meta-analysis of 19 GEO datasets comprising >2,600 samples from acute and chronic leukemia subtypes was performed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and subjected to functional enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses. Hub genes were identified for drug repurposing using the LINCS L1000CDS2. Candidate compounds were validated by performing molecular docking, dynamics simulations and MTT assays on multiple leukemia cell lines. Results: 269 DEGs in myeloid and 316 DEGs in lymphoid leukemias were identified. Enrichment analysis showed that DNA replication and cell cycle pathways drive myeloid leukemias, while lymphoid leukemias are associated with transcriptional regulation and immune signaling. Hub genes included CCNB1, KIF11, EGFR and JUN. SN-38 and C646 were identified as promising candidates from drug repurposing. Docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed strong binding to IGF1R and RBP2. MTT assays revealed significant, time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Conclusion: This integrative approach links transcriptomics with drug discovery and preclinical validation. Lineage-specific vulnerabilities were uncovered, providing a framework for precision therapy and rational drug repurposing in leukemia.
Optimized Synthesis of Novel C2-Substituted Benzo[B]thiophene Derivatives via Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Investigation of Their Biological Activities
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Aliyeva, Gunel; Mehraliyeva, Gultakin; Unlu, Zehra Banu; Israyilova, Aygun; Hasanova, Ulviyya
The paper presents the synthesis of benzo[b]thiophene derivatives with a sulfur-containing heterocyclic skeleton via the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, process optimization, and investigation of their biological activity. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. The yield was increased by using the most commonly used types of base, solvent, and catalyst. As a result of the studies, the best yield was observed with the Cs2CO3 base, the THF/H2O solvent mixture, and the Pd(OAc)2 + SPhos catalyst system. The synthesized molecules were evaluated for antibacterial activity against four clinical isolates (S. epidermidis, S. aureus, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae). Compound G1 exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains, with MIC values of 32 mu g/mL (S. epidermidis) and 64 mu g/mL (S. aureus), superior to ampicillin. In order to predict the binding modes and interaction profiles of the compounds with the selected biological targets, molecular docking analyses were conducted using computational modeling approaches. SAR analysis was performed to assess the impact of structural changes on biological activity. These findings highlight the potential of benzo[b]thiophene scaffolds as privileged structures for diversity-driven synthesis and bioactivity-driven library design.
Bound by Society: An Exploratory Study of Pet Attachment and Social Constraints in Pet Bereavement Among a Turkish Sample
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Demirci, Oyku; Yuksel, Ozge; Meral, Yasemin
Pet owners often form deep emotional bonds with their animals, and the death of a pet can elicit grief responses similar to human loss. However, pet loss is often considered disenfranchized grief, socially unrecognized and unsupported. Guided by social-cognitive processing and attachment perspectives, this study examines how pet attachment, social constraints, and loss-related variables shape grief intensity. The study included 210 adults who lost a pet within the past year and completed measures of pet bereavement, attachment to pets, and social constraints. Attachment to the pet was the strongest predictor of grief severity, while social constraints also influenced grief, with those facing emotional inhibition experiencing greater distress. Loss-related factors such as euthanasia initially predicted grief, but their effect diminished once attachment and social constraints were considered. These findings emphasize the multifaceted nature of pet loss grief and the need for greater societal recognition and support for the bereaved pet owners.

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