İşyerinde Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing)
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Date
2025
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Modern çalışma yaşamında karşılaşılan işyerinde psikolojik taciz (mobbing), yalnızca bireyin mesleki yaşamını değil, aynı zamanda ruhsal ve fiziksel sağlığını tehdit eden ciddi bir problemdir. Mobbing, işveren, amir, çalışma arkadaşı veya üçüncü kişiler tarafından bir çalışana karşı sistematik ve kasıtlı şekilde uygulanan, yıldırma, dışlama ve değersizleştirme amacı taşıyan davranış biçimidir. Bu tür davranışlar bireyin kişilik haklarını zedelemekte iş ortamını katlanılmaz hale getirmekte ve kimi zaman iş akdinin sona ermesine yol açmaktadır. Türk hukuk sisteminde mobbing doğrudan düzenlenmemiş olmakla birlikte, işçiyi koruyucu çeşitli normlar mevcuttur. Türk Borçlar Kanunu'nda işverenin işçiyi gözetme borcu, İş Kanunu'nda eşit davranma yükümlülüğü ve haklı nedenle fesih halleri ile Medeni Kanun ve Ceza Kanunu'ndaki düzenlemeler, mağdurun hukuki koruma talep edebileceği başlıca yollardır. Bu çalışmada, psikolojik tacizin tanımı, unsurları, benzer kavramlarla ayrımı, uluslararası ve ulusal hukukta düzenlenişi, iş ilişkisindeki etkileri ve bu bağlamda işçinin başvurabileceği hukuki yollar ayrıntılı biçimde incelenmiştir. Aynı zamanda Yargıtay içtihatları ışığında ispat güçlüğü, ispat yükü ve koruyucu mekanizmalar da analiz edilerek çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
In modern working life, workplace psychological harassment (mobbing) has emerged as a serious threat that not only undermines professional stability but also harms employees' mental and physical health. Mobbing refers to systematic and intentional acts of humiliation, isolation, and psychological abuse perpetrated by employers, supervisors, colleagues, or third parties. Such behavior severely damages personal dignity and can make the work environment unbearable, often leading to the termination of employment. Although Turkish law does not define mobbing explicitly, various legal provisions exist that offer protection to affected employees. The employer's duty of care under the Turkish Code of Obligations, the obligation of equal treatment and just cause termination under the Labour Law, and related rules under the Civil Code and Penal Code are among the main legal grounds available to victims. This study comprehensively examines the concept of mobbing, its distinguishing features, its regulation in international and national legal systems, and its impact on employment relationships. Furthermore, legal remedies available to employees, evidentiary challenges, and the burden of proof are explored in light of Turkish Court of Cassation jurisprudence. Based on this analysis, practical and legal solutions are proposed to strengthen employee protection and promote a respectful workplace culture.
In modern working life, workplace psychological harassment (mobbing) has emerged as a serious threat that not only undermines professional stability but also harms employees' mental and physical health. Mobbing refers to systematic and intentional acts of humiliation, isolation, and psychological abuse perpetrated by employers, supervisors, colleagues, or third parties. Such behavior severely damages personal dignity and can make the work environment unbearable, often leading to the termination of employment. Although Turkish law does not define mobbing explicitly, various legal provisions exist that offer protection to affected employees. The employer's duty of care under the Turkish Code of Obligations, the obligation of equal treatment and just cause termination under the Labour Law, and related rules under the Civil Code and Penal Code are among the main legal grounds available to victims. This study comprehensively examines the concept of mobbing, its distinguishing features, its regulation in international and national legal systems, and its impact on employment relationships. Furthermore, legal remedies available to employees, evidentiary challenges, and the burden of proof are explored in light of Turkish Court of Cassation jurisprudence. Based on this analysis, practical and legal solutions are proposed to strengthen employee protection and promote a respectful workplace culture.
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Hukuk, Law
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262
