The Effect of Basic Psychological Needs and Ways of Coping on Mental Well-Being and Psychopathology: a Cross-Cultural Study in Turkey, Brazil and Switzerland
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2022
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İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı temel psikolojik ihtiyaç tatmin ve engellemelerinin mental iyi oluşa ve psikopatolojiye, baş etme yöntemlerinin aracı rolüyle olan etkisinde ülke değişkeninin düzenleyici rolünü araştırmaktı. Veriler, 209'u Türkiye'den, 203'ü İsviçre'den ve 202'si Brezilya'dan olmak üzere 614 katılımcıdan anket yoluyla toplandı. Temel psikolojik İhtiyaçların Tatmini ve Engellenmesi Ölçeği, Baş Etme Yolları Ölçeği, Kısa Semptom Envanteri ve Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi-Oluş Ölçeği bu çalışmada veri toplamak için kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, ihtiyaç tatmininin mental iyi-oluş ile pozitif bir korelasyon içinde olduğunu ve ihtiyaç engellenmesinin psikopatoloji ile pozitif bir korelasyon içinde olduğunu gösterdi. Problem odaklı başa çıkma, sosyal destek arama, olumluya odaklanma, gerilimi azaltma ve kendini suçlama gibi başa çıkma yollarının mental iyi-oluş ile pozitif korelasyon içinde olduğu görülmüştür. Hüsnükuruntu, uzaklaşma ve kendine saklama baş etme yollarının ise psikopatolojilerle pozitif ilişki içinde olduğu görülmüştür. Belirli ihtiyaç tatminleri ve engellenmeleri, belirli başa çıkma yöntemleriyle ilişkilidir (örneğin, ilişkili olma engellenmesi, kendine saklama ile ilişkilidir). İhtiyaç tatmini ve engellenmesinin, başa çıkma yollarının düzenleyici rolü ile mental iyi-oluş ve psikopatoloji üzerindeki etkisini ülkeler arası biçimde araştırmak için düzenlenmiş aracılık analizleri yapıldı. İlişki olma tatmini ile sosyal destek arama arasındaki ilişki dışında, ihtiyaç tatmini ile engellenmesi ve başa çıkma yolları arasındaki ilişkilerin araştırıldığı modellerin tümünde, ülkenin düzenleyici rolünün anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. İlişki olma tatmini ile sosyal destek arama arasındaki ilişki evrensel olarak yorumlanırken, diğer ilişkiler kültürlerarası düzenlenebilir olmaları eğilimleriyle yorumlandı. Bulgular literatür çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
The aim of this study was to investigate the moderator role country variable on the indirect effect of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration on mental well-being and psychopathology with ways of coping mediation. The data were collected from 614 participants in the survey, 209 were from Turkey, 203 were from Switzerland and 202 were from Brazil. Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, Ways of Coping Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale were used to collect data. The results showed that need satisfaction was in a positive correlation with mental well-being, and need frustration was in a positive correlation with psychopathology. Coping ways of problem-focused coping, seeking social support, focusing on the positive, tension reduction and self blame were in a positive correlation with mental well-being. Wishful thinking, detachment and keep to self were in positive correlation with psychopathologies. Certain need satisfactions and frustrations were correlated with certain ways of coping (e.g., relatedness frustration was correlated with keep to self). Moderated mediation analyses were performed to investigate the cross-country effect of need satisfaction and frustration on mental well-being and psychopathology with ways of coping mediation. Country moderation was found to have a significant effect in relationships between need satisfaction and frustration and ways of coping in all research models, except for the relationship between relatedness satisfaction and seeking social support. While this relationship was interpreted as universal, other relationships interpreted as tended to be moderated cross-culturally. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature.
The aim of this study was to investigate the moderator role country variable on the indirect effect of basic psychological need satisfaction and frustration on mental well-being and psychopathology with ways of coping mediation. The data were collected from 614 participants in the survey, 209 were from Turkey, 203 were from Switzerland and 202 were from Brazil. Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, Ways of Coping Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale were used to collect data. The results showed that need satisfaction was in a positive correlation with mental well-being, and need frustration was in a positive correlation with psychopathology. Coping ways of problem-focused coping, seeking social support, focusing on the positive, tension reduction and self blame were in a positive correlation with mental well-being. Wishful thinking, detachment and keep to self were in positive correlation with psychopathologies. Certain need satisfactions and frustrations were correlated with certain ways of coping (e.g., relatedness frustration was correlated with keep to self). Moderated mediation analyses were performed to investigate the cross-country effect of need satisfaction and frustration on mental well-being and psychopathology with ways of coping mediation. Country moderation was found to have a significant effect in relationships between need satisfaction and frustration and ways of coping in all research models, except for the relationship between relatedness satisfaction and seeking social support. While this relationship was interpreted as universal, other relationships interpreted as tended to be moderated cross-culturally. The findings were discussed within the framework of the literature.
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Psikoloji, Psychology
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229
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