Self-Reported Urinary Incontinence Prevalence in Women with Versus Without Regular Structured Exercise: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare urinary incontinence (UI) between women with and without regular structured exercise habits. Material and Methods: A total of 184 women, including 92 with regular and structured exercise habits and 92 without, were included in this study conducted between May and December 2024. Reported UI (Global Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire), symptoms, and impact on quality of life (Incontinence Severity Index, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form) were assessed in all women. This study was conducted following the STROBE guidelines. Results: The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a subtype of UI, was significantly higher in women without structured exercise habits (p=0.018). The average duration of exercise among women with regular exercise habits was 24 months (range 6–240), and 85% practiced Pilates. In addition, women with structured exercise habits had higher education levels (p<0.001), and a large proportion were employed as civil servants and retirees (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Women who engage in regular and structured exercise have a lower prevalence of SUI. Women with exercise habits tend to have higher education and socioeconomic levels, and the impact of incontinence on quality of life is less severe.