Simplifying Hydration Monitoring: Wearable Sensor for Accessible Dehydration Detection in Vulnerable Populations

Abstract

Dehydration is a common but often underestimated health concern, especially among the elderly, who often lose their perception of thirst. Current hydration monitoring technologies are typically complex, intrusive, or dependent on external devices such as smartphones, limiting their suitability for older individuals. In this study, we developed a wearable, noninvasive, standalone device to detect hydration status. Utilizing a Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensor, the device measures change in skin conductivity correlated with hydration levels. The Arduino Nano processes sensor data and provides immediate feedback via one of three methods, LED, buzzer, or vibration, according to user preference. Its simplicity, low cost, and independence from external devices make this solution especially accessible and practical for elderly users.