Bireysel iş hukukunda zorunlu arabuluculuk
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Date
2020
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İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi
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Abstract
İnsan sosyal bir varlıktır ve toplum içerisinde diğer insanlarla birlikte yaşamaktadır. Popülasyonun fazlalığı, bireyler arasında çıkar çatışması doğması ihtimalini artırmaktadır. Bu nedenle de insanın olduğu yerde uyuşmazlığın olmaması mümkün değildir. İnsan, çoğu zaman kendisinin haklı, başkalarının ise haksız olduğunu düşünür. Bu durum ise taraflar arasında uyuşmazlığa neden olur. Uyuşmazlıklara hayatın her alanında rastlanabilir. Dolayısıyla iş hayatında da uyuşmazlıklar söz konusudur. Üstelik iş hayatında işçi ve işveren gibi doğası gereği eşit olmayan iki taraf söz konusudur. Eşit olmayan bu iki taraf arasında oluşan uyuşmazlıklar iş mahkemelerine çözümlenmeye çalışılmaktadır. Ancak 2017 tarihli İş Mahkemeleri Kanunu uyarınca bireysel iş uyuşmazlıklarında dava açmadan önce alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm yöntemlerinden arabuluculuğa başvurmak, dava şartı kabul edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada bireysel iş hukukunda zorunlu arabuluculuk uygulaması öncelikle hukuki dayanağı bakımından incelenmiş, sonrasında ise içtihatlar yardımıyla gerçek hayatta oluşan uyuşmazlıklarda arabuluculuk sisteminin işleyişi değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda Adalet Bakanlığı Arabuluculuk Daire Başkanlığı verileri çerçevesinde arabuluculuğun yargının iş yükünü azalttığı belirlenen sistemin, Yargıtay karar gerekçeleri de göz önüne alınarak adaletin gerçekleşmesine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Human is a social being and lives with other people in society. The large population increases the likelihood of conflict of interest between individuals. It is not possible that there is no conflict where the human is. People often thinks that they are right and others wrong. This situation causes conflict between the parties. Conflicts can be found in all areas of life. Therefore, there are also conflicts in employment affairs. There are two parties in labour law area such as workers and employers, that are not equal in nature. Disputes between these two unequal parties are tried to be resolved by labour courts. However, according to the Labour Courts Law dated 2017, application to mediation as an alternative dispute resolution method before filing a lawsuit became mandatory for many of the labour dispute types. In this study, the mandatory mediation practice in individual labour law was first examined in terms of its legal basis, and then the functioning of the mediation system in real life disputes with the help of case law was evaluated. As a result of the study, the effects of the system, which was determined that mediation reduces the workload of the judiciary within the framework of the data of the Ministry of Justice, Department of Mediation, on the realization of justice, taking into account the reasons for the decision of the Supreme Court.
Human is a social being and lives with other people in society. The large population increases the likelihood of conflict of interest between individuals. It is not possible that there is no conflict where the human is. People often thinks that they are right and others wrong. This situation causes conflict between the parties. Conflicts can be found in all areas of life. Therefore, there are also conflicts in employment affairs. There are two parties in labour law area such as workers and employers, that are not equal in nature. Disputes between these two unequal parties are tried to be resolved by labour courts. However, according to the Labour Courts Law dated 2017, application to mediation as an alternative dispute resolution method before filing a lawsuit became mandatory for many of the labour dispute types. In this study, the mandatory mediation practice in individual labour law was first examined in terms of its legal basis, and then the functioning of the mediation system in real life disputes with the help of case law was evaluated. As a result of the study, the effects of the system, which was determined that mediation reduces the workload of the judiciary within the framework of the data of the Ministry of Justice, Department of Mediation, on the realization of justice, taking into account the reasons for the decision of the Supreme Court.
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Keywords
Uyuşmazlık, alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm yöntemleri, arabuluculuk, bireysel iş hukuku, zorunlu arabuluculuk, Conflict, alternative dispute resolution methods, mediation, individual labour law, mandatory mediation, Hukuk, Law, Alternatif uyuşmazlık, Alternate dispute, Arabuluculuk, Mediation, Uyuşmazlık, Incompatibility, Zorunlu arabuluculuk, Mandatory mediation, İş hukuku, Labour law
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1
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103
