Federalism: A Comprehensive Review of Its Evolution, Typologies, and Contemporary Issues

dc.contributor.author Kong, L.
dc.date.accessioned 2026-01-25T16:26:27Z
dc.date.available 2026-01-25T16:26:27Z
dc.date.issued 2025
dc.description.abstract This study is intended to conduct a comprehensive review of federalism. This study starts from the institutional aspect and analyzes how federalism, as a compound structure, divides power between the central and local governments. Then, this study mentions that federalism also has its normative connotations, which are traceable to the theological concept of a covenant. We also elaborate on how the success of the United States’ federalism strengthened its institutional aspect while overshadowing the older covenant tradition. Next, this study presents a typological framework of federalism, introducing concepts such as coming-together federalism and holding-together federalism; dual federalism and cooperative federalism; decentralization and non-centralization; and asymmetrical federalism, non-territorial autonomy, and consociationalism, presidential and parliamentary federalism, as well as democratic federalism and authoritarian federalism/facade federalism. Next, this study compares monist federalism with multinational federalism. Then, this study examines the specific applications of federalism in fiscal, environmental, health-care, and social-welfare policies. By reviewing the history, theoretical origins, institutional development, and contemporary manifestations of federalism, this study provides a roadmap for scholars in the field of federal studies. Finally, this study also puts forward several testable hypotheses, aiming to provide operational research agendas for future studies. © 2025 by the author. en_US
dc.identifier.doi 10.3390/encyclopedia5040156
dc.identifier.issn 2673-8392
dc.identifier.scopus 2-s2.0-105025975613
dc.identifier.uri https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5040156
dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/8632
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) en_US
dc.relation.ispartof Encyclopedia en_US
dc.rights info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess en_US
dc.subject Autonomy en_US
dc.subject Federalism en_US
dc.subject Institution en_US
dc.subject Normative en_US
dc.title Federalism: A Comprehensive Review of Its Evolution, Typologies, and Contemporary Issues en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dspace.entity.type Publication
gdc.author.institutional Kong, L.
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gdc.description.department İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi en_US
gdc.description.departmenttemp [Kong] Lingkai, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Izmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi, Izmir, Turkey en_US
gdc.description.issue 4 en_US
gdc.description.publicationcategory Makale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı en_US
gdc.description.scopusquality N/A
gdc.description.volume 5 en_US
gdc.description.wosquality N/A
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