Green Synthesis of Titanium Nanoparticles Using a Sustainable Microalgal Metabolite Solution for Potential Biotechnological Activities

Abstract

In this study, green synthesis of titanium nanoparticles using liquids metabolites of microalgae, Porphyridium cruentum, was performed to evaluate potential biotechnological activity. The rising rates of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the number of cancer patients are driving the search for novel antimicrobial and anticancer agents to combat this threat. In recent years, with the increasing number of studies, nanomaterials are starting to be better understood and are emerging as a solution to this problem. Especially, green synthesized nanoparticles with anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities have potential in biomedical applications because of their eco-friendly and biocompatible nature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed that spherical shaped Ti-NPs' size ranged from 62 to 133 nm. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of antibacterial activity of Ti-NPs and chitosan-coated Ti-NPs against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using disc diffusion assay. It demonstrated the concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect of Ti-NPs of human prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), human alveolar adenocarcinoma (A549), and human mammary gland adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB) cancer cell lines. This present study shows promising outcomes for possible future applications of synthesized Ti-NPs as a novel antibacterial and cytotoxic agent for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, biosensor, and hyperthermia.