The Evolving Role of Urban Designers in Generative AI-Assisted Urban Design: Mini-Block Izmir, Turkey

Abstract

Urban design is undergoing a paradigm shift with the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen AI), introducing new modes of collaboration between designers and AI tools and expanding opportunities for data-driven and creative decision-making. However, current AI-based urban design tools remain fragmented and lack integrated workflows, often treating design stages as analysis, generation, and visualization as separate processes rather than as an interactive continuum. The study critically examines the evolving role of urban designers in AI-assisted urban design through a scoping review and a case study of the Mini-Block project in the Alsancak neighbourhood of Izmir, Turkey, focusing on how different AI tools interact and integrate within design workflows. Through a systematic evaluation of AI-driven design tools, the research identifies key limitations in how existing platforms support interoperability, iterative feedback, and collaboration between human designers and generative systems. The findings highlight that while AI enhances data processing, scenario modelling, and spatial optimisation, its full potential depends on designers' ability to manage tool interaction, interpret algorithmic outputs, and integrate contextual insights into generative design processes. The study proposes a framework for participatory AI tools that embed local knowledge in urban design workflows. It also explores the role of prompt engineering as a means of refining AI outputs to ensure contextually relevant and inclusive urban solutions. Overall, the research highlights the need for AI models that are not only technically robust but also socially and culturally responsive, paving the way for more adaptive, inclusive, and participatory urban design methods.