PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu / PubMed Indexed Publications Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14365/2

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 923

Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Case Series with a Review of the Literature
(Aves, 2020) Uguz, Alper; Oruc, Nevin; Nart, Deniz; Çoker, Ahmet; Akpinar, Göksever; Karaca, Can Avni; Ünalp, Ömer Vedat
Effects of Bevacizumab Administration on the Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension Rat Model
(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2021) Çoker, Şadiye Canan; Gürel, Duygu; Karaman, Meral; Demir, Canan; Yilmaz, Osman; Uçan, Eyüp Sabri; Gökmen, Ali Necati
Analysis of Nucleotide Changes in Rt-Pcr Primer/Probe Binding Regions in Sars-Cov-2 Isolates Reported from Turkey
(Ankara Microbiology Society, 2021) Sayıner, Ayça Arzu; Appak, Özgür; Demir, Ayse Banu; Bulgurcu, Alihan
The Statistics of Q-Statistics
(MDPI, 2024) Borges, Ernesto P.; Tirnakli, Ugur; Eroglu, Deniz; Boghosian, Bruce M.
Almost two decades ago, Ernesto P. Borges and Bruce M. Boghosian embarked on the intricate task of composing a manuscript to honor the profound contributions of Constantino Tsallis to the realm of statistical physics, coupled with a concise exploration of q-Statistics. Fast-forward to Constantino Tsallis' illustrious 80th birthday celebration in 2023, where Deniz Eroglu and Ugur Tirnakli delved into Constantino's collaborative network, injecting renewed vitality into the project. With hearts brimming with appreciation for Tsallis' enduring inspiration, Eroglu, Boghosian, Borges, and Tirnakli proudly present this meticulously crafted manuscript as a token of their gratitude.
Transcultural Nursing Care, Religion, and Compassion: A Holistic Path toward Reduced Inequalities
(Univ Sao Paolo, 2026) Digrak, Ebru; Tezel, Ayfer
Objective: To examine the relationships between cultural competence, compassion, and religion among nursing students. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among third and fourth-year nursing students enrolled in a state university in Türkiye during the 2022-2023 academic year. A total of 422 students who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate completed the Personal Information Form, Individual Religion Inventory, Compassion Scale, and Cultural Competence Assessment Tool (CCATool). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and group comparison tests. Results: Gender was found to significantly influence cultural competence, compassion, and religion scores. Additionally, cultural competence was negatively correlated with both compassion and religion among the participating students. Conclusions: The findings highlight a concerning area within nursing education, emphasizing the need to enhance cultural competence alongside fostering compassion and religion. These results indicate the importance of developing nursing curricula that support quality education and contribute to reduced inequalities in healthcare delivery.
The Reliability and Validity of the Personalıty Inventory for DSM-5-Short Form (PID-5-SF) in Turkish Adolescents
(Guilford Publications Inc, 2026) Bilgic, Ayhan; Coskun, Fatma; Akca, Omer Faruk; Sharp, Carla
The 100-item short form of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5-SF) has been translated into various languages and validated across cultures and age groups, but research on adolescents is limited. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Turkish version (PID-5-SF-TR) in a sample of 349 adolescents (181 community, 168 clinical). Participants also completed the Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form (PBQ-SF) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI). Clinical participants had higher facet scores than community participants. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor structure for both groups. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.72 to 0.86 in the clinical group and from 0.73 to 0.87 in the community group. PID-5-SF-TR domains correlated significantly with related BFI dimensions, except for Openness and Psychoticism. Corresponding PBQ-SF and PID-5-SF-TR subscales were significantly correlated. Test-retest reliability over 5 months showed coefficients ranging from r = 0.30 to r = 0.67. Findings support the reliability and validity of using the PID-5-SF-TR when diagnosingTurkish adolescents.
Romiplostim versus Placebo for Chemotherapy-Induced Thrombocytopenia
(Massachusetts Medical Soc, 2026) Munoz, Cesar; Soff, Gerald A.; Korantzis, Ippokratis; Astorga, Beatriz Gonzalez; Al-Samkari, Hanny; Arslan, Cagatay; Geredeli, Caglayan
Background Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common complication of chemotherapy that is associated with bleeding, reduced relative dose intensity, and potentially worse outcomes. No widely available therapies are approved for CIT. Methods We conducted a phase 3, international, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving patients with persistent CIT (platelet count, <= 85 & times;109 per liter on trial day 1) who were receiving oxaliplatin-based multiagent cytotoxic chemotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive romiplostim or placebo for three chemotherapy cycles. The primary end point was the absence of CIT-induced modifications of the chemotherapy dose (reduction, delay, omission, or discontinuation) in both the second and third chemotherapy cycles. Results Of the 165 patients who underwent randomization (109 in the romiplostim group and 56 in the placebo group), 75% had colorectal cancer, 13% had gastroesophageal cancer, and 12% had pancreatic cancer; 72% of the patients in the romiplostim group and 61% of those in the placebo group had stage 4 disease. The percentage of patients with no CIT-induced modifications of the chemotherapy dose was 84% (92 of 109 patients) with romiplostim and 36% (20 of 56 patients) with placebo, which corresponded to an odds ratio of 10.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.44 to 23.72; P<0.001) and a risk ratio of 2.77 (95% CI, 1.78 to 4.30; P<0.001). Adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 37% of the patients who received romiplostim and in 22% of those who received placebo, which primarily reflected chemotherapy effects. Adverse events that were considered by the investigator to be related to romiplostim or placebo occurred in 12% of patients who received romiplostim and in 7% who received placebo, with the most frequent being nausea (2% in each group) and headache (2% in the romiplostim group); none were serious or led to death or discontinuation of romiplostim, placebo, or chemotherapy. Thromboembolic events occurred in 2% of patients who received romiplostim and in no patients who received placebo. Conclusions In this phase 3, placebo-controlled trial, romiplostim was efficacious in treating CIT. (Funded by Amgen and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; RECITE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03362177.)
Role of Postoperative Renal Ultrasound in Identifying Ureteral Injury despite Normal Intraoperative Jet Flow
(Galenos Publ House, 2026) Ozer, Pinar Tugce; Ileri, Alper; Inan, Abdurrahman Hamdi; Kantarci, Sercan; Yildirim, Fatih; Dagli, Ugurcan; Karabulut, Alaattin
Objective: This study evaluated the diagnostic utility of early postoperative renal ultrasound in detecting ureteral injury in patients who had undergone total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) for benign indications, despite documented normal intraoperative ureteral jet flow on cystoscopy. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cohort study at a high-volume tertiary center, data from 3,170 patients who underwent TLH between January 2022 and October 2025 were analyzed. Inclusion required normal bilateral ureteral jet flow on routine intraoperative cystoscopy, a renal ultrasound within the first 24 postoperative hours, and at least 30 days of clinical follow-up. The primary outcome was the diagnostic yield of postoperative ultrasound for identifying ureteral injuries not apparent during surgery. Injuries were confirmed by advanced imaging or surgical exploration. Results: The overall ureteral injury rate was 0.79% (n=25). Of these injuries, eight were diagnosed intraoperatively, while seventeen occurred despite documented normal bilateral ureteral jet flow during the procedure. Among the latter group, renal ultrasonography performed on postoperative day 1 detected 14 injuries, representing 56% of all injuries. Three injuries (12%) presented later, around postoperative day 10, and were not identified on initial imaging. Early postoperative ultrasonography demonstrated good sensitivity and a high negative predictive value as a screening tool. Comparison with preoperative baseline imaging enhanced diagnostic performance in identifying new-onset obstruction, particularly newly developed pelviectasis. Conclusion: Normal intraoperative ureteral jet flow does not preclude ureteral injury, particularly those with delayed presentation, such as thermal damage. Early postoperative renal ultrasonography is a valuable non-invasive screening tool that identifies a significant proportion of injuries missed by cystoscopy alone. Comparative evaluation of routine postoperative ultrasonography with preoperative imaging may provide a meaningful contribution to the early diagnosis of ureteral injury following TLH.
Nonadditive Entropies and Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
(MDPI, 2025) Tirnakli, Ugur
Leveraging Point-of-View Camera and MediaPipe for Objective Hyperactivity Assessment in Preschool ADHD
(Frontiers Media SA, 2026) Kayis, Hakan; Gedizlioglu, Cinar
Background Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often emerges in early childhood, with hyperactivity and impulsivity constituting the most prominent symptoms during the preschool period. Current assessment approaches rely largely on clinical interviews and behavior rating scales, which are susceptible to subjectivity and contextual bias. Objective, ecologically valid, and low-burden methods for quantifying hyperactivity in preschool settings remain limited.Methods This observational, cross-sectional study investigated whether movement-based features extracted from teacher-worn point-of-view (POV) video recordings could differentiate preschool children at risk for ADHD-related hyperactivity from non-hyperactive peers. Fifty-one preschool children (48-60 months) participated in a standardized, three-minute storytelling interaction conducted in a familiar classroom environment. Video recordings were processed using MediaPipe pose estimation to derive region-specific movement indices across multiple body segments. Group differences were examined using statistical analyses. In addition, supervised machine learning models were applied to evaluate classification performance based on movement features.Results Children in the hyperactivity-risk group exhibited significantly greater movement across several body regions, particularly distal upper- and lower-limb segments, compared to non-hyperactive peers. Machine learning analyses indicated promising classification performance, with the support vector machine achieving an accuracy of 84.31%, sensitivity of 80.0%, specificity of 87.10%, and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.83. Permutation-based feature importance analyses highlighted distal limb movements as the most informative features for classification.Conclusions These findings suggest that POV-based, vision-driven assessment provides a promising, objective, and ecologically valid approach for quantifying hyperactivity-related motor behavior in preschool children. While not intended as a standalone diagnostic tool, this low-burden framework may serve as a valuable complement to existing screening practices and support early identification efforts in educational settings.
Integrating Reproductive and Clinical Variables to Predict Postpartum Disability Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis Using Machine Learning
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2026) Samadzade, Ulvi; Emec, Murat; Alizada, Said; Ozcanhan, Mehmet Hilal; Simsek, Yasemin; Ozakbas, Serkan
Background: Pregnancy represents a unique immunological state in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), and postpartum disease reactivation is a major concern. While pregnancy outcomes have been extensively described, the long-term effects of reproductive and obstetric variables on disability progression remain poorly elucidated. Objective: To predict postpartum EDSS-based disability change based on pregnancy-related clinical and demographic variables in women with MS, using validated machine learning models. Methods: This retrospective real-world study included 662 women contributing 909 pregnancies. Engineered features included pre- and post-pregnancy Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, disease duration, maternal age, postpartum relapse, and obstetric variables. Regression and classification models (Random Forest, XGBoost, Elastic Net, Support Vector Classifier) were trained on an 80/20 train-test split with five-fold crossvalidation. Model performance was assessed using R2, mean absolute error (MAE), accuracy, and F1 score. Results: Classification models achieved superior generalization performance (test accuracy 85-88%, F1 0.84-0.87) compared to regression models (test R2 0.31-0.39, MAE 0.41-0.48). Postpartum relapse was the strongest predictor of disability change, followed by disease duration and age at pregnancy. Predictive performance was highest among women with multiple pregnancies, suggesting that cumulative reproductive history carries prognostic value. Obstetric variables such as delivery type and breastfeeding contributed secondary but clinically relevant effects. Conclusion: Machine learning models integrating pregnancy-related variables can provide clinically informative predictions regarding postpartum EDSS-based disability change in women with MS. Postpartum relapse remains the dominant driver of disability change, while reproductive and obstetric factors provide additional prognostic information. These findings highlight the postpartum period as a critical therapeutic window and support incorporating reproductive variables into individualized prognostic frameworks for women with MS.
Integrated Analysis Identifies CCNA2 as a Candidate Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(Univ Sao Paulo FAC Odontologia Bauru, 2026) Atay, Sevcan; Gumedag, Ceren
Background: Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating reliable biomarkers. Methodology: Genes with significantly higher expression in OTSCC tumor tissues compared to normal tongue tissues were identified via integrated transcriptomic analysis of seven GEO datasets. To assess their diagnostic and prognostic potential, these genes were further characterized using multi-omic and clinical data from the TCGA-OTSCC and CPTAC-OTSCC cohorts. Results: A total of 1,117 genes were found to be upregulated in OTSCC tissues, among which only CCNA2 (Cyclin A2) was significantly associated with both reduced overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in the TCGA-OTSCC cohort (n=128), based on Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. CCNA2 showed moderate prognostic performance (AUC=0.63 for OS; AUC=0.65 for DFS) and was significantly upregulated in higher-grade tumors (p=0.01) and in deceased patients (p=0.03). No somatic mutations or promoter methylation alterations were observed in CCNA2 based on TCGA data. In CPTAC-OTSCC samples (n=18), CCNA2 protein expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumoral tissues (p <0.0001), with a positive correlation between mRNA and protein levels (r=0.56, p=0.01). Both mRNA and protein forms showed strong diagnostic performance (AUC=0.92 and AUC=0.82, respectively), consistent with observations across multiple tumor types. While CCNA2 protein levels showed prognostic relevance for OS (AUC=0.69, p=0.01), the mRNA-based prediction did not reach statistical significance (AUC=0.63, p=0.36). Functional enrichment analysis of CCNA2 co-expressed genes predicted involvement in cell cycle, mismatch repair, and DNA replication pathways. Additionally, protein-protein interaction analysis positioned CCNA2 as a central hub, suggesting its potential role in OTSCC pathogenesis. Conclusions: These findings indicate that CCNA2 is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker candidate in OTSCC. Given the small size of the CPTAC validation cohort, further studies in larger, independent OTSCC cohorts are warranted to confirm its clinical utility.
Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant versus Immune-Reconstitution Therapy in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
(Oxford Univ Press, 2026) Atkins, Harold; Snowden, John A.; Kalincik, Tomas; Sharmin, Sifat; Roos, Izanne; Freedman, Mark S.; Massey, Jennifer
In the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) and immune-reconstitution therapies show several similarities. These treatment strategies have not yet been compared head-to-head. This study emulated pairwise trials of comparative effectiveness of stem cell transplant versus immune-reconstitution therapies cladribine and alemtuzumab. This cohort/registry study of comparative treatment effectiveness included data from seven specialist multiple sclerosis centres with AHSCT programmes (RESCUE-MS) and international MSBase registry during 2006-2023. The study included patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated with AHSCT, cladribine or alemtuzumab, with a minimum of 2-months follow-up before commencing study therapy and >= 2 disability assessments after commencing the study therapy. Patients were matched on a propensity score derived from their clinical and demographic characteristics. The matched groups were compared according to annualized relapse rates, freedom from relapses and 6-month confirmed disability worsening and improvement (measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale). The matching of 143 (stem cell) to 283 cladribine-treated patients and 134 (stem cell) to 562 alemtuzumab-treated patients reduced the measured differences between the groups by 98% and 96%, respectively. The matched patients had high mean disease activity (>0.8 relapses in the prior 2 years), mean Expanded Disability Status Scale scores of 3-4, and were followed-up for a mean of 3.8-3.9 (stem cell), 1.9 (cladribine) or 4.5 years (alemtuzumab). Compared with cladribine, stem cell transplant was associated with a lower risk of relapse [mean annualized relapse rate +/- standard deviation (SD): 0.05 +/- 0.28 versus 0.16 +/- 0.39, respectively; hazard ratio: 0.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.41], similar risk of disability worsening (hazard ratio: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.34-1.43) and higher probability of disability improvement (hazard ratio: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.31-3.66). Compared with alemtuzumab, stem cell transplant was associated with a lower risk of relapses (mean annualized relapse rate +/- SD: 0.04 +/- 0.23 versus 0.09 +/- 0.21, respectively; hazard ratio: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.93), similar risk of disability worsening (hazard ratio: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.53-1.72) and higher probability of disability improvement (hazard ratio: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.23-3.34). Thirty-four per cent of patients treated with stem cell transplant experienced delayed complications, mainly infections. No treatment-associated deaths were reported. Among patients with active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and moderate disability, AHSCT is superior to cladribine and alemtuzumab at suppressing relapses and enabling recovery of neurological function. The high effectiveness of stem cell transplant is likely attributable to a complex interplay between immune suppression and reconstitution.
Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms in Serrated Adenocarcinomas and Classical Colorectal Carcinomas: An In Silico Study
(MDPI, 2026) Sagnak Yilmaz, Zeynep; Demir Kececi, Sibel; Sagol, Ozgul; Sarioglu, Sulen
Serrated adenocarcinoma (SAC) represents a molecularly heterogeneous subtype of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) linked to the serrated pathway. It is aimed to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying SAC development. Digital slides from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colorectal adenocarcinoma Firehose Legacy dataset (632 cases) were reviewed, and cases were classified as SAC, partial-SAC, or classical CRC. Genomic alterations, mRNA expression, and DNA hypermethylation were compared using cBioPortal. Enrichment analyses were performed via WebGestalt, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks with hub genes were identified using STRING and Cytoscape. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05 and q < 0.05. The results revealed that the groups showed significant differences in the expression of 327 genomic alterations, 20 mRNAs, and 21 methylated genes (p < 0.0001, q < 0.0001). Hub genes were PSMC1, FLT3LG, SNW1, H3C2, H1-2, H2BC14, H1-5, RPS16, SUPT5H, and MYOD1. The pathways associated with differently expressed genes were the following: cell structure and morphology (phagocytic vesicle, microvillus, endocytosis, and immobile cilium), protein kinase activity (particularly MAPK), and immunological mechanisms. The hub genes act as molecular bridges connecting the observed genomic and epigenetic variations, particularly driving chromatin-related regulation and MAPK signaling pathways. In particular, PSMC1, SNW1, H3C2, H1-2, and H2BC14 genes offer promising molecular targets for future therapeutic approaches in SACs.
General Anesthesia and Depth of Anesthesia (DoA) Evaluation Methods in Laboratory Animals: A Comprehensive Review
(Springer, 2026) Kazdagli, Hasan; Altinoluk, Tulin
In preclinical research, general anesthesia is essential for humane and feasible procedures but profoundly modulates autonomic, cardiovascular, neurological, and biochemical systems, risking bias in experimental outcomes. In this review our aim was to synthesize current knowledge on commonly used general anesthetics in laboratory animals, their mechanisms and protocols across species (mice, rats, rabbits, pigs), and evidence-based methods to evaluate depth of anesthesia (DoA). Injectable agents (ketamine with alpha 2-agonists, barbiturates, propofol) and inhalational agents (isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane) act primarily via NMDA antagonism or GABA-A/glycine modulation, with distinct profiles for analgesia, hemodynamics, respiration, and recovery. Species-specific dosing and routes are summarized for small rodents, rabbits, and pigs, including practical considerations (e.g., thermoregulation, airway management, malignant hyperthermia risk). DoA assessment spans traditional reflex-based scoring and advanced monitoring. EEG, raw and processed indices (e.g., BIS), offers continuous cortical information but requires species-specific validation and cautious interpretation. Autonomic indicators (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory patterns) and heart-rate variability provide complementary, noninvasive signals yet are confounded by drugs, ventilation, and surgical stimuli. Anesthetic choice is a major experimental variable. Reliable practice demands multimodal DoA monitoring that integrates reflexes, physiologic trends, and, where feasible, EEG, alongside rigorous, species-adapted protocols and transparent reporting. Priorities include validated EEG algorithms for nonhuman species, standardized autonomic indices, and broader adoption of awake models when compatible with scientific aims. These strategies will improve animal welfare and enhance the reproducibility and interpretability of preclinical findings.
Emerging Waste Valorization Pathway with Aerobic Granular Sludge: Prospective Life Cycle Assessment for Türkiye
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2026) Fereidani, Bahar M.; Eljamal, Ramadan; Uctug, Fehmi Gorkem; Yilmaz, Gulsum
To address the environmental burdens of wastewater generation and fossil-based economy, application of aerobic granular sludge (AGS), which entails bio-resource recovery and wastewater treatment can be promising. Recognizing AGS technology as a sustainable waste management solution requires a robust assessment of its environmental performance relative to conventional pathways. Prospective environmental impacts of two AGSbased wastewater treatment configurations were evaluated in the context of Türkiye: (1) AGS with primary settling and an external membrane (PS-AGS-EM), (2) AGS with an external membrane (AGS-EM), where both enable recovery of polyhydroxyalkanoates, extracellular polymeric substances and biogas. From a consequential assessment perspective, operation of AGS configurations with an average of-0.3 kg CO2eq. per m3 wastewater demonstrated to be more favorable compared to the activated sludge and membrane bioreactor with 1.26 kg CO2eq. and 0.8 kg CO2eq. per m3 wastewater, respectively. Consumption of electricity was the major hotspot in both AGS configurations, especially for AGS-EM with almost 50% contribution to global warming potential and freshwater eutrophication potential categories. Under a wastewater management functional unit and assuming high substitution rates of conventional polymers by recovered biopolymers, AGS-EM configuration demonstrated superior environmental performance despite higher energy and chemical demands. Conversely, when EPS production was considered as the functional unit, PS-AGS-EM performed more favorably due to its lower energy and chemical requirements and higher biogas recovery potential. In the endeavors towards sustainable phasing out of fossil-based polymers and efficient water treatment strategies, the outcomes of the present AGS resource recovery study can provide an environmentally enlightening guideline.
Effect of Telerehabilitation-Based Music Therapy and Motor Imagery on Pain, Autonomic Function, and Psychosocial Outcomes in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
(Wiley, 2026) Yavas, Ipek; Kahraman, Turhan; Kazdagli, Hasan; Gozubatik-Celik, Rabia Gokcen; Karakas, Hilal; Seebacher, Barbara; Ertekin, Ozge
Background and Purpose Chronic pain affects approximately 63% of people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), contributing to fatigue, depression, anxiety, poor sleep, reduced quality of life, and cognitive decline. Within the biopsychosocial model, music therapy has emerged as a promising intervention to address these complex symptoms. This study aims to examine the effects of heart rate-synchronized music therapy combined with motor imagery practice on pain, autonomic and cognitive functions, and psychosocial outcomes in patients with pwMS. We hypothesize that the combined intervention will lead to greater improvements than music therapy alone or routine care. Methods A double-blind, randomized, and three-arm parallel trial will be conducted with 45 patients with pwMS experiencing chronic pain. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) heart rate-synchronized music therapy combined with motor imagery, (2) heart rate-synchronized music therapy alone, or (3) a control group receiving routine care. Interventions will be delivered twice weekly for 8 weeks, with each session lasting 20-30 min. The experimental groups will receive music therapy via videoconferencing. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, post-intervention (week 8), and follow-up (week 12). The primary outcome is pain intensity. Secondary outcomes include neuropathic pain, central sensitization, heart rate variability, anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep quality, quality of life, and cognitive function. Sample size was calculated using G*Power; HRV data will be analyzed with Kubios software. Statistical analyses will be performed using SPSS and GraphPad Prism 10. Results Following randomization, baseline data will be collected. Blinded assessors will evaluate all outcomes at follow-up points. An independent researcher will perform statistical analyses to assess changes across time and between groups. Discussion This study may provide evidence supporting a novel, non-pharmacological, and telehealth-compatible intervention for chronic pain in pwMS.
Echoes of the Past: Are E-Cigarettes the New Light Cigarettes
(Galenos Publ House, 2026) Kilinc, Oguz; Yildiz, Ethem; Cuhadaroglu, Caglar
Digital Screen Exposure of Children During Complementary Feeding: The Role of Maternal Social Media Addiction
(Wiley, 2026) Kurt, Dilara; Colak, Fatma; Aydin, Bahise; Sari, Hatice
Background: Mothers may resort to digital screen use for their children during the complementary feeding period. Given the pervasiveness of social media use in daily life, mothers' screen-related behaviours during caregiving may be linked to their level of social media addiction. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mothers' social media addiction levels and their children's digital screen exposure during the complementary feeding period. Methods: This descriptive, comparative and correlational study included 390 mothers with children aged 6-18 months who presented to the paediatric outpatient clinics of a university hospital. Data were collected using the 'Screen Time and Complementary Feeding Information Form' and the 'Social Media Addiction Scale-Adult Form'. Independent-samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used for exploratory data analysis. Results: The mean maternal social media addiction score was 44.11 +/- 10.836 (possible range: 20-100). Approximately one quarter of the children were exposed to digital screens during complementary feeding. Higher maternal addiction scores were observed across several socio-demographic and feeding-related characteristics. In addition, a statistically significant association was found between mothers' social media addiction scores and children's daily screen exposure (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Maternal social media addiction levels were moderate. These findings highlight the importance of maternal social media use as a potential factor associated with digital screen exposure during complementary feeding. Education on digital media use during complementary feeding should address screen practices as an integral component of infant feeding guidance.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Sonographic Sliding Sign for Predicting Pelvic Organ Adhesions in Gynecologic Endoscopic Surgery
(BMC, 2026) Bozgeyik, Mehmet Bora; Kinci, Mehmet Ferdi; Balikoglu, Meric; Tanyeri, Uygar; Akpak, Yasam Kemal
Background: Pelvic adhesions are a common consequence of prior abdominal surgery, endometriosis, malignancy, or infection, often leading to infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and surgical complications. Reliable preoperative prediction of these adhesions can guide surgical planning and minimize risks. The sonographic sliding sign has shown promise in detecting intra-abdominal adhesions, yet its routine use remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of both transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasonographic assessments of the sliding sign in predicting intra-abdominal adhesions prior to gynecologic endoscopic surgery. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 262 women who underwent gynecologic endoscopic surgery at a tertiary care center in 2024. Patients with body mass index (BMI) > 35 were excluded. Both transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonographic evaluations of the sliding sign were performed preoperatively by a single experienced physician, while operative outcomes were recorded by a blinded observer. Adhesion status, operative time, hospital stay, and surgical complications were analyzed. Statistical methods included Chi-square, Fisher's Exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Intra-abdominal adhesions were confirmed in 56 patients (21.4%). Absence of the sliding sign was significantly associated with the presence of adhesions (p < 0.001). Transvaginal sonography yielded a sensitivity of 77%, specificity of 100%, and area under curve (AUC) of 0.884. Transabdominal sonography demonstrated higher accuracy, with a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 100%, and AUC of 0.982. The combination of both methods matched the diagnostic performance of transabdominal ultrasound alone. Adhesions were significantly associated with previous abdominal surgery (p < 0.001), endometriosis (p = 0.01), hypotrophic or keloid scars (p < 0.001), obliteration of the Douglas pouch (p < 0.001), longer hospital stay (p = 0.006), and increased rates of hemorrhage (p = 0.003) and bladder injury (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Preoperative ultrasonographic evaluation of the sliding sign is a highly accurate, non-invasive, and practical tool for predicting intra-abdominal adhesions. Both transabdominal and transvaginal sonography offers superior sensitivity and should be considered in routine preoperative assessments. Integration of this method into standard preoperative protocols may help reduce complications, optimize surgical planning, and improve patient outcomes in gynecologic endoscopic procedures.

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