Observing Conductance Quantization by a Novel Magnetic Control System

Abstract

In this study, a novel magnetic system that allows observing quantized conductance for undergraduate and graduate laboratories is presented. Bending of a magnetic cylindrical beam, like a cantilever, is controlled by an electromagnet to provide contact between needle type electrode and a plane of conductor. It is shown that by using the beam bending, it is possible to displace an object on the beam in nanometer and micrometer scale. The measured quantized conductance results prove that the designed system can be used for demonstration of the quantized conductance.